Daiaeni

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Daiaeni or Daiēni, Daiani ( KUR da-ia-ni, m da-ia-ni) was a member of an alliance of Nairi tribes, including the Assyrian kings Tiglath-Pileser I and Shalmaneser III. opposed.

844 BC Received Shalmaneser III. Daiaeni paid tribute on a campaign against Nairi . It is mentioned in the annals between Suhi and Lake Van . In his 15th year of reign, Shalmanas received horses as a tribute to the Daiaeni Empire, as reported on the relief at the Tigris Tunnel (Birkilin Cay).

Localization

Daiaeni is commonly considered to be the northwesternmost of the Nairi lands. The most important sources for localization are the clay prism of the Tiglat-Pilesar and the campaign reports of Shalmaneser. In his 15th palu , Shalmanasser drew:

  • to the cities of Urartu
  • to the sources of the Euphrates
  • He received the Daiaeni tribute
  • he erected a stele in the royal city of the Daiaeni

Daiaeni was located near Urarṭu, which at that time only included the area of ​​Lake Van, and near the source of the Euphrates . However, it is not known where the Assyrians located the source of the Euphrates. Russell considers the plains of Mus , Hinis , Malazgirt , Eleşkirt and Ağrı to be possible, but also a tributary of the Kara Su .

The stele of Yoncalı bears the inscription “Conquerors of Nairi from Tumme to Daiaeni, Conquerors from Habhi to the Great Sea ”. So it could be the victory stele of Shalmaneser mentioned in the annals. Melikišvili believes, however, that the stele shows the location of Tumme . According to the inscription of Argišti I from Hanak , discovered in 1985 , the most northerly Urartian inscription found so far, Daiaeni could have extended in the north to the border of Georgia. Kinnier Wilson wants to settle Daiaeni in the Erzurum area . Bruno Labat also locates it in the Erzurum area.

Diaieni is sometimes interpreted as the "land of the sons of Daia or Dia", probably because of the spelling with the m -determinative. Salvini points out, however, that a change between KUR and m can also be found in the spelling of other Transcaucasian countries. This hypothetical Daia has been equated with the Armenian Tayk / Taochi and the Georgian Tao , the Oltu plateau in the northeast of Erzurum. Some researchers want to equate Daiaeni with Diaueḫe , a neighbor of Uratus in the 8th century. Caucasus scientist Heinz Fähnrich and a few others summarize the two countries under the name Diaochi .

Ruler

literature

  • Fischer world history, the ancient oriental empires III (Frankfurt).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Reallexicon Assyriology (Berlin, de Gruyter, Lemma Nairi)
  2. ↑ Cameron Annals, iii 39-50
  3. ↑ HF Russell, Shalmaneser's Campaign to Urarṭu in 856 BC and the Historical Geography of Eastern Anatolia according to the Assyrian Sources. Anatolian Studies 34, 1984, 186
  4. ↑ HF Russell, Shalmaneser's Campaign to Urarṭu in 856 BC and the Historical Geography of Eastern Anatolia according to the Assyrian sources. Anatolian Studies 34, 1984, 185
  5. ^ Ali Dinçöl, Belkis Dinçöl, the inscription from Hanak (Kars). Festschrift Sedat Alp, 1992
  6. ↑ JV Kinnier Wilson, The Kurba'il Statue of Shalmaneser III. Iraq 14, 1962, 90-105
  7. ^ Charles Burney, Die Bergvölker Vorderasiens, Essen 1975, 274
  8. ^ M. Salvini, The historical geography of the Sevan Region in the Urartian period. In: Raffaele Biscione et al. (Ed.), The North-Eastern Frontier Urartians and non-Urartians in the Sevan Lake Basin. I. The Southern shores. Documenta Asiana 7 (Rome 2002), 45
  9. ^ Charles Burney, Die Bergvölker Vorderasiens, Essen 1975, 275