German-French summer and winter universities with third countries in law

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German-French summer and winter universities with universities from third countries are an expression of the increasing internationalization of studies and research (Erasmus program; Bologna process, EU expansion). In law , the Franco-German courses at the University of Paris Nanterre played a pioneering role in establishing such mostly trinational events. Summer and winter universities are being established as part of the Nanterre network, their Europe-wide network for university cooperation, in cooperation with German and other foreign partners, especially in Central and Eastern Europe, the Balkans and the Mediterranean region - with financial support in particular from the Franco-German University ( DFH / UFA), the Franco-German Youth Office and the French Ministry of Education and Research (Parceco).

Since 2013, the network of summer and winter universities has also been expanded to include non-European countries.

Objectives, function and functional principles of the summer and winter universities

Bernard Cazeneuve , France's Minister for European Affairs and Patron of the 2nd Franco-German Summer University for Energy and Environmental Law at the University of Paris Nanterre, sees in September 2012 the type of summer and winter universities for lawyers developed by the Franco-German courses “Successful” formula for bridging the lecture-free period, which can even be “exported” and thus “promotes the reputation of German-French cooperation in Europe”. The idea behind this “delocalization of the campus”, Otmar Seul, professor of legal language at the University of Paris Nanterre and head of the Franco-German degree programs, outlines its innovative character based on four advantages:

  1. The summer and winter universities are dedicated to the legal challenges of European integration. You will analyze approaches and implementation of the legal approximation process in the European Union (with topics such as "European legal area", "European community of values", "Solidarity in Europe", "Protection of privacy", "Citizen participation", or "European approximation and national identity") .
  2. Anchored in the field of comparative law , the summer and winter universities not only contribute to mutual legal understanding, but also to the understanding of the social dimensions of law: “The law has an accompanying character, it gives the development of our societies direction and framework conditions: it carries thus contributing to their convergence, one of the great political objectives of Franco-German relations since 1963 ”(Bernard Cazeneuve). Since the rejection of the Treaty on a “Constitution for Europe” in the referendums of 2005 in the Netherlands and France, these events have paid particular attention to the issue of European identity and to the constraints and obstacles that affect the European integration process. This implements transdisciplinary approaches, i.e. the involvement of historians, sociologists, political scientists or economists. Such a transversal approach encourages interest in topics that would otherwise only be explored from a legal point of view.
  3. In a less formal, more relaxed atmosphere than everyday university life, researchers, lecturers, legal practitioners, doctoral students and master’s students come together at summer and winter universities. The events offer the opportunity for innovative pedagogical approaches. Since they are viewed as a forum in which the interactive dialogue is in the foreground, they ultimately contribute to a better understanding of the law and to the intellectual enrichment of doctoral candidates and students. The former have the opportunity to present interim results of their dissertation. The latter are introduced to the method of group work in (mostly) trinational workshops . They compare legal documents that they have evaluated in their home universities in advance of the summer or winter university. Results of master's theses or preparatory work for future dissertations can also be presented in the workshops.
  4. Since the summer and winter universities mostly take place in a third country, the legal culture of the countries should be conveyed in the respective national language if possible. The use of English is the exception. The events are based on the idea of ​​a dynamic Europe, which in times of globalization refuses any monocultural development and uniform orientation to the Anglo-American 'model' and instead professes the linguistic and cultural diversity of Europe.

On the genesis of the first summer and winter universities

In the further typology of these summer and winter universities, the criteria of the geographical area and the historical context in which they are founded intervene.

Lithuania

The oldest summer university focused on EU legal harmonization in Vilnius , Lithuania - founded in 2004 by the Université Paris Nanterre, the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt am Main and the University of Vilnius - is being built in the year of the EU expansion to include countries primarily in Central and Eastern Europe. and Eastern Europe. With their accession, the Baltic states are also obliged to adopt all EU law ( acquis communautaire ) and to implement the goals of political union as well as economic and monetary union. In the first few years, this trinational summer university functions as a joint annual graduation from two binational law schools: the German-Lithuanian law school (Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt a. M.) and the French-Lithuanian law school (Paris Nanterre).

Belarus

The Summer University in Minsk , founded in 2011 by the Universities of Paris Nanterre, Potsdam and the Belarusian State University , is dedicated to topics of general European relevance, such as 'alternative dispute resolution', 'new information and communication technologies', environmental issues and other topical issues. As in the EU, in the post-Soviet Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) the tendency towards regional integration goes hand in hand with attempts to harmonize national legal systems. Belarus is part of the Russian-Belarusian Union and a member of the Eurasian Economic Union (contractually agreed in 2014).

Balkans

The Franco-German Summer University with the Balkans, founded in 2014 by the University of Paris Nanterre and the Westphalian Wilhelms University of Münster , has (for the first time in the founding history of these summer universities) a mobile, i.e. transnational character. It takes place in several sessions with changing locations: starting in 2014 at the University of St. Cyril and Methodius Skopje (North Macedonia), the University of Pristina (Kosovo) and the European University of Tirana (UET: Albania). Since then, the scientific and intercultural dialogue between universities from EU countries (Germany, France) and from countries in the Balkan region has been intensified and expanded to other countries in the region (previously Montenegro, Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece) through the progressive inclusion of new partner universities. Based on the self-image of admission candidates such as North Macedonia, Kosovo, Albania or Montenegro as well as that of the EU, the development prospects of the Western Balkan countries should be discussed and determined whether and to what extent they are in the various areas of law (private law, public law, international private law, International criminal law) already meet the Copenhagen criteria for joining the EU or will be able to meet them in the near future.

Turkey

Founded in January 2016 by the University of Paris Nanterre, the Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg and the University of Yeditepe Istanbul , this first German-French-Turkish winter university in Istanbul is dedicated to the theory and practice of private law enforcement . Against the background of the hesitant negotiations between the EU and long-term candidate Turkey (which so far has at best been granted a “privileged partnership”) since 2005, this issue has had an impact on European Union law as well as the national legal systems of the member states and Turkish law of high relevance (especially consumer law, contract law, competition law, safety regulations, constitutional law, labor law, arbitration or mediation). As a result of the tense domestic political situation in Turkey, the Winter University has not yet been continued. After the failed coup against the Turkish president in July 2016, parts of the university staff fell victim to the wave of state purges - including lecturers and scientists from the partner universities in Paris Nanterre and Erlangen-Nuremberg.

First Franco-German summer and winter universities with third countries outside Europe (since 2013)

Since 2013, the summer and winter universities of the Franco-German courses at the University of Paris Nanterre (Nanterre network) have been expanded to include countries outside of Europe for the first time.

Maghreb states

In April 2013, Paris Nanterre and Potsdam established a Franco-German summer university at the El Manar University in Tunis on the subject of 'State Policy in a Comparative Perspective'. In the context of the Arab Spring , it takes into account the new political, economic and geostrategic requirements of the countries concerned. It applies above all to the legal aspects of public policies to promote social and economic development and the democratization of the state. At the 2nd (and for the time being last) Summer University, in May 2014 at the Hassan II Mohameddia University Casablanca / Morocco, the focus is on the topic of "Law versus religion - intersections and possible conflicts between religious norms for national law and international law". The 3rd (no longer established) Summer University in June 2015 at the Ecole de Gouvernance et d'Economie (EGE) of the Mohammed VI Polytechnique University in Rabat / Morocco, should focus on the topic of 'Citizenship / Citoyenneté'.

South America

In September 2013, Paris Nanterre and the Technical University of Dresden establish the first German-French-Peruvian Summer University on the topic of 'Democracy and the Rule of Law' at the Pontifical Catholic University in Lima . In view of the most recent reform policies in Peru (since 2011), the discussions focus on human rights issues, strategies to promote rule of law and welfare state developments and the fight against corruption. The 2nd Summer University, organized in September 2014 by the Universities of San Marcos and ESAN (the first Graduate School of Business in Latin America), is dedicated to the topic of 'Economic and cultural foundations of the constitutional state'. The innovative function of the trinational summer university in Lima is not least that it is not restricted to the university campus, but is open to civil society by including cultural institutions such as the Goethe Institute and Alliance française in the program. This summer university has a training character because it also offers seminars for officials of the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights.

African, oceanic and Asian regions

Since 2015/2016, the Franco-German courses at the University of Paris Nanterre have also been establishing Franco-German summer and winter universities with universities in countries in the eastern hemisphere under their director, Professor Stephanie Dijoux.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Stephanie Rohlfing-Dijoux (2015): Internationalization of studies and research: the example of the integrated French-German-Law curriculum at the University Paris Ouest Nanterre La Defense, in: Miscellanea Historico + Iuridica on the legal education 2015, University of Bialystok , Pp. 159-170, online http://pbc.biaman.pl/Content/46865/Mis_Tom_XIII.pdf ; Joachim Gruber (2013): The Franco-German degree course at the Universities of Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense and Potsdam, in ZEuP, pp. 205–209; Otmar Seul (2003): Les cursus binationaux - une étape vers l'harmonisation des études en Europe. Le cas des cursus intégrés Paris X / Potsdam en sciences juridiques, in O. Seul, B. Zielinski, U. Dupuy (dir.): De la communication interculturelle dans les relations franco-allemandes, Ed. Peter Lang, Bern, Frankfurt a. M., New York, Oxford, Vienna 2003, pp. 285-310, online https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BwS6msy80fPZNTczOGNiZTUtOTBjMC00MDEyLWFhZTItMTE3ZmUyODk3ZjBh/view?pli=1 ); Otmar Seul (2006): Intercultural Management in the Service of the Europeanization of Teaching and Research, in German-French Society for Science and Technology (DFGWT) (Ed.): Scientific Careers in Germany and France, Proceedings for the Colloquium of the same name, Berlin 21./22 . October 2006, Bonn, DFGWT, 2006, 16 pages, online https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BwS6msy80fPZMTRjN2JlYzYtNGVlZC00MmZiLTk0NGMtMGI2YmY0N2FjNzI0/view?pli=1 ); Otmar Seul (2010): 25 ans de formations franco-allemandes en sciences juridiques à l'Université de Paris Ouest-Nanterre-La Défense - Historique et impact international. Speech from March 18, 2010 in Paris, in German translation, online http://www.uni-potsdam.de/db/dfs-jura/html/joomla/images/stories/pdf/bundesverdienstkreuz_oseul_danksagung.pdf ); Otmar Seul (2013): La réussite d'un cursus intégré franco-allemand ouvert sur le monde, l'implication de toute une vie - Interview de l'ACFA (Association des Cursus Franco-Allemands des Universités Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense / Potsdam ), online https://acfananterre.wordpress.com/2016/03/12/interview-otmar-seul-co-fondateur-du-cursus ; Tilman Bezzenberger, Joachim Gruber, Stephanie Rohlfing-Dijoux (2014): The Franco-German legal relations, Europe and the world / Les relations juridiques franco-allemandes, l'Europe et le Monde. Liber amicorum Otmar Seul , Nomos Verlag, Baden-Baden, 570 pages.
  2. ↑ Activités en matière d'internationalisation des études et de la recherche depuis 1989, online https://www.parisnanterre.fr/m-otmar-seul--698797.kjsp ; Otmar Seul (2017): Opening speech, Annual Meeting Nanterre network,, Porto, online http://www.uceditora.ucp.pt/resources/Documentos/UCEditora/PDF%20Livros/Porto/LAW%20AND%20INTERCULTURALISM.pdf ( p. 8-11); Otmar Seul (2015): Un ́réseau international de coopération universitaire: la réussite d'un cursus intégré franco-allemand ouvert sur le monde, in Miscellanea Historico + Iuridica on the legal education 2015, University of Bialystok, pp. 170-180, online http://pbc.biaman.pl/Content/46865/Mis_Tom_XIII.pdf ; Un réseau international de coopération universitaire en sciences juridique et politique, online https://www.campus-mundus.eu/cooperation-universitaire-internationale , chapitre 1 °.
  3. ^ Letter from the Ministre délégué chargé des affaires européennes , Paris, dated September 18, 2012 to Professor Otmar Seul, Université Paris Nanterre.
  4. ↑ Universités d'été et universités d'hiver franco-allemandes en sciences juridiques en partenariat avec des Etats tiers, online https://acfananterre.wordpress.com/les-seminaires-et-publications/les-universites-dete/ ; Universités d'été / d'hiver tri-nationales des cursus franco-allemands en sciences juridiques, organisées en partenariat avec des établissements allemands et des établissements de pays tiers, online https://www.campus-mundus.eu/cooperation-universitaire -international , Chap. no.3.
  5. ↑ For the programs of the summer university since 2004 see http://www.tf.vu.lt/en/international-relations/summer-schools/europos-teises-vasaros-mokykla/archive/ ; For the concept of the summer university, see https://www.campus-mundus.eu/cooperation-universitaire-internationale - Section 3 ° Genèse des Universités d'été et d'hiver tri-nationales (choix): aspects géopolitiques: list complète (Vilnius ). A conference proceedings are available for the 2008 Summer University: Otmar Seul, Tomas Davulis (dir.): La solidarité dans l'Union européenne / Solidarity in the European Union, Berne, Berlin, Francfort s. M., New York, Oxford, Vienne (Ed.Peter Lang) 2012, 294 p.
  6. ↑ For the programs of the summer university, see https://www.uni-potsdam.de/de/ls-hellmann/auslandskooperationen/belarussische-staatliche-universitaet-bsu.html ; on the concept of the summer university, see https://www.campus-mundus.eu/cooperation-universitaire-internationale - Section 3 ° Genèse des Universités d'été et d'hiver tri-nationales (choix): aspects géopolitiques: list complète ( Minsk).
  7. ↑ The geopolitical and cultural-political intention of this mobile summer university was determined by its initiator, professor, at a preparatory meeting in Bitola (North Macedonia) in July 2012, in the presence of representatives from several Balkan universities as well as the Kosovar Minister of Education and Science and the Montenegrin Minister of Culture Otmar Seul (Paris Nanterre) explains: “The innovative character of our project lies primarily in the fact that it encourages neighboring countries, whose relationships have long been fraught with conflict, to cooperate. The aspired membership in the European Union requires similar sustainable developments in these countries. Increased cooperation in socio-educational, scientific and cultural areas can therefore only be conducive to the reconstruction of the region (...). Nothing is more inspiring than the history of Europe: peoples living in enmity have finally reconciled - like France and Germany, which have become the engine of European integration (...). European law has become the vector of peace in "old" Europe. It could become the guideline for the transition to the rule of law, democracy and social market economy for the Balkan countries "(cf. Une Université d'été itinérante franco-allemande en sciences juridiques dans les Balkans occidentaux - un projet franco-allemand (extraits), https: / /www.campus-mundus.eu/forums - part «Challenges», section 1 °). The ambassadors of France and Germany in North Macedonia, Kosovo, Albania and Montenegro welcomed the establishment of this mobile summer university in joint statements in May and July 2015, as it is in line with the objectives of the (annual) Western Balkans Conference initiated by the European Union (ibid; see also the opening speech of the French ambassador in Skopje: https://mk.ambafrance.org/Ouverture-de-la-premiere ). For the concept of this mobile summer university, see also https://www.campus-mundus.eu/cooperation-universitaire-internationale - Section 3 ° Genèse des Universités d'été et d'hiver tri-nationales (choix): aspects géopolitiques: list complète (Les Balkans occidentaux). For the program of the Summer University 2018 (Skopje, Pristina), see https://www.jura.uni-muenster.de/de/institute/lehrstuhl-fuer-oeffentliches-recht-voelker-und-europarecht-sowie-empirische-rechtsforschung/ balkan-summer-school / balkan-summer-school-2018 / skopje-session-programs / ; https://juridiku.uni-pr.edu/getattachment/fd4375c6-7d85-41fb-b244-59d07054eece/PRG_PRISTINA-Final-14-9-2018--.pdf.aspx .
  8. ↑ For the program, see https://docplayer.org/7330134-Les-actions-privees-en-droit-private-rechtsdurchetzung.html ; see. https://www2.mystfx.ca/sites/mystfx.ca.international-exchange/files/General%20Brochure%20Yeditepe%20University.pdf , page 42.
  9. ↑ For the program and concept of this summer university, see https://www.parisnanterre.fr/medias/fichier/programm-tunis2013-session-ii_1366640089989-pdf ; http://euro-mediterranee.blogspot.com/2013/05/universite-dete-dialogue-franco.html ; https://acfananterre.wordpress.com/les-seminaires-et-publications/les-universites-dete/ ; https://www.parisnanterre.fr/recherche-/droit-et-religion-a-casablanca-2eme-univ-d-ete-franco-germano-maghrebine-527961.kjsp .
  10. ↑ For the concept and program of this summer university, see https://idehpucp.pucp.edu.pe/notas-informativas/se-inauguro-universidad-de-verano-democracia-y-estado-de-derecho-en-el-campus -pucp / ; Carlos Gonzales-Palacios, Thilo Rensmann, Otmar Seul, Manuel Tirard (2013): Foreword to Democracia y Estado de derecho / Démocratie et Etat de droit / Democracy and the rule of law, ed. by Carlos Gonzales-Palacios, Thilo Rensmann, Manuel Tirard, Lima, Ambassade de France au Pérou, pp. 27–31; Nahe newspaper from November 11, 2013: Otmar Seul initiates summer university events in Europe, Africa and overseas, Koblenz ( Rhein-Zeitung ), p. 9.
  11. ↑ Overview in preparation