Diacyl peroxides

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Diacyl peroxides are organic - chemical compounds that are derived from carboxylic acids ( carboxylic acid derivatives ).

Manufacturing

The reaction of hydrogen peroxide with carboxylic acid anhydrides gives percarboxylic acids; however, when using an excess of the carboxylic acid anhydride, diacyl peroxides are obtained. Alternatively, diacyl peroxides can also be prepared by reacting carboxylic acid chlorides with hydrogen peroxide in an alkaline solution.

General formula of the diacyl peroxides (R = organyl radical, e.g. alkyl radical, aryl radical) with the peroxide group marked in blue . Examples: dibenzoyl peroxide (R = phenyl ), diacetyl peroxide (R = methyl )

For the technical synthesis of diacetyl peroxide , acetic anhydride is reacted with sodium metaborate · peroxide hydrate .

use

When heated, diacyl peroxides easily break down into acyloxy radicals and alkyl or aryl radicals. That is why diacyl peroxides are often used as initiators for radical reactions. Examples:

Security notice

Care should be taken when handling diacyl peroxide. In particular, the aliphatic representatives of this group of substances tend to decompose explosively. In technology, the isolation of the pure diacyl peroxides is therefore often dispensed with. Instead, solutions of diacyl peroxides are often used.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Siegfried Hauptmann : Organic Chemistry , 2nd Edition, VEB Deutscher Verlag für Grundstoffindindustrie, Leipzig, 1985, p. 413, ISBN 3-342-00280-8 .
  2. ↑ Hans Beyer and Wolfgang Walter : Organische Chemie , S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart, 22nd edition, 1991, p. 257, ISBN 3-7776-0485-2 .
  3. ↑ Hans Beyer and Wolfgang Walter : Organische Chemie , S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart, 22nd edition, 1991, p. 72, ISBN 3-7776-0485-2 .
  4. ↑ Hans Beyer and Wolfgang Walter : Organische Chemie , S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart, 22nd edition, 1991, pp. 684–686, ISBN 3-7776-0485-2 .