Diamines

Technically important diamines (selection)

General structure of a diamine. The primary amino groups (NH 2 ) are marked in blue , R is a two-bonded organic radical (e.g. a para - phenylene group ).

Hexamethylene-1,6-diamine

2,4-diaminotoluene

Diphenylmethane-4,4'-diamine

Isophoronediamine

Diamines are a group of substances in organic chemistry . They are aliphatic or aromatic compounds that contain two amino groups (NH ₂ ).

properties

In contrast to aromatic diamines - such as B. Phenylenediamine - many aliphatic diamines are soluble in water. The solutions are alkaline. Diamines form salts with acids. So z. B. by reacting diamine 1 (R = double-bonded organic residue, e.g. 1,2-ethylene or phenylene ) with hydrochloric acid dihydrochloride 2 , which are usually readily water-soluble:

use

Diamines are used as

• Stabilizers of melamine resins ,
• Additives to epoxy resins ,
• for the synthesis of dyes ,
• for the synthesis of medicinal substances ,
• for the synthesis of diisocyanates ,
• Raw material for polyamides ,
• Ligands in complex chemistry etc.

Diisocyanates

Diisocyanates are produced from diamines by reaction with phosgene (COCl ₂ ):

The course of the reaction corresponds to the reaction of primary amines with phosgene. Diisocyanates are technically important raw materials for the production of polyurethanes (e.g. " construction foam ").

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Otto Albrecht Neumüller (Editor): Römpp Chemie Lexikon , 8th edition, Frank'sche publishing firm, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3-440-04513-7 , S. 926th
2. ↑ Otto-Albrecht Neumüller (editor): Römpps Chemie Lexikon , 8th edition, Frank'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1983, ISBN 3-440-04513-7 , p. 961.
3. ↑ Joachim Buddrus, Bernd Schmidt: Basics of Organic Chemistry , 5th edition, de Gruyter Verlag, Berlin 2015, ISBN 978-3-11-030559-3 , pp. 682–683.