The young lady
| The young lady
|
|
|---|---|
| description | National Socialist general-interest magazine |
| language | German |
| publishing company | "the young lady" Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Berlin ( Berlin ) |
| First edition | 1933 |
| attitude | September 30, 1944/1951 |
| Frequency of publication | weekly / from 1941 biweekly |
| editor | John Jahr senior |
The young lady was the title of a women's magazine published by John Jahr in Berlin .
history
In 1933 the Dane Pieter H. Fergo founded the Junge dame Verlagsgesellschaft mbH in Berlin. As a jointly authorized representative showed next to the mentioned Fergo Ilse Tiedge from Berlin. Until her resignation in June 1935, she was the chief editor. In 1934 she was replaced as managing director by the Berlin businessman Bernhard Lehnert. In May 1937 the publisher Maxim Klieber bought the heavily indebted company. Through the intermediary of Lehnert, the newspaper was sold to John Jahr in November 1937. At that time the magazine had a circulation of 60,000 copies. In 1941 the magazine was again sold to Hans Jahr, brother of John Jahr, or passed on pro forma to John's wife, Elli Jahr.
John Jahr, who had worked for the communist Munzenberg Group in Hamburg in the 1920s , was expelled from Hamburg in 1933 for insulting leading National Socialists and then went to Berlin. After the Reichstag elections of 1933 , he joined the NSDAP . In 1937 he acquired a. a. The young lady . From 1939 Hans Huffzky was the main editor for this magazine.
From 1941 the magazine appeared every two weeks. On April 1, 1943, Die Junge Dame was merged with the Hamburg magazines Die Hanseatin and Wir Hausfrauen “for reasons related to the war” . These three magazines appeared monthly as a complete edition under the title Comrade Woman . The magazine was discontinued on September 30, 1944 "for the duration of the war".
The young lady was reprinted under this title in 1950 by Constanze-Verlag. The first issue appeared on November 1, 1950 as number 1 of the 12th year. The magazine started with a print run of 150,000 copies, which then had to be reduced to 125,000. The editor-in-chief was Helmut Grömmer. This paper was discontinued on September 19, 1951 due to financial difficulties and competition from Constanze , also published by John Jahr .
Form and content
One issue consisted of around 16 pages and cost 25 pfennigs. According to an analysis of the advertisements contained, the target group consists of 17 to 30-year-old unmarried and partly working women from the middle class.
At first glance, the magazine appears harmless. Actors are reported in a conversational tone and women are interviewed about their jobs, including fashion inserts, jokes and riddles. The women shown are neatly dressed and exude a good mood. Female friendships depicted relate to the exchange of recipes, hours of phone calls and giggles. As the war progresses, women are more often shown in arms factories or as women waiting for soldiers returning home. Current political events and anti-Semitism are hidden. But even in the earlier years of the magazine, the ideology of National Socialism was promoted in a more or more subtle way by disseminating an image of women appropriate to the regime : After compulsory school, women learn through household school, compulsory year or Reich labor service . Then she worked for a few years in industry or in trade, got married and had children. The choice of occupation is determined by political circumstances, work on the home front in armaments factories, agriculture or sacrifice as a nurse who dies for others are emphasized. With regard to gender relations, the magazine propagates comradeship between men and women. In the published letters to the editor it becomes clear that it is the natural fate of women to wait patiently for the man who is at war. They should give their men at the front the impression that they are getting on well with their situation and are looking forward to their husband's return.
With the change to Comrade Woman , the National Socialist rhetoric and anti-Semitism become clear and the “ total war ” is praised. The war in 1944 was only a matter of time and a happy future was certain. However, death is also discussed here, whereby this gives war widows the chance to cope with new tasks and to show courage.
The young lady and her successor product, Kamerad Frau, were part of the propaganda and substantive conformity of National Socialism. But unlike the NS-Frauen-Warte or the women's supplement in the Völkischer Beobachter , the magazines did not concentrate exclusively on conveying ideology, but rather a dream world of happy women who have come to terms with the war is described.
Whereabouts
A complete collection is stored in the Berlin State Library and in the Upper Palatinate Folklore Museum in Burglengenfeld . Individual copies of the magazine are available for purchase on the Internet.
literature
- Laura Wehr: “The young lady” - a National Socialist women's magazine from the holdings of the Upper Palatinate Folklore Museum Burglengenfeld. Annual volume on culture and history in the district of Schwandorf, Volume 11 , 2000, pp. 128–145.
- Sylvia Lott: The women's magazines by Hans Huffzky and John year. On the history of the German women's magazine between 1933 and 1970. Dissertation. Wissenschaftsverlag Volker Spiess, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-89166-011-1 .