Dieudonné Thiébault

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Dieudonné Thiébault (born December 26, 1733 in La Roche , † December 5, 1807 in Versailles ) was appointed professor of French grammar in Berlin in 1765 to correct the writings of Frederick II . He had to promise not to learn any German so as not to dilute his pure French. He stayed at court for 20 years and published his memoirs in Paris in 1804 .

Live and act

In 1762 he left the Jesuit order and began to study law . He went to Paris. to work as a writer. Around 1765 he made contact with the well-known mastermind of the French Enlightenment, Les philosophes des Lumières . On the recommendation of Jean-Baptiste le Rond d'Alembert , who had good contacts with Frederick II, and Pierre-Joseph Thoulier d'Olivet (1682–1768) received a professorship for French grammar at the Military Academy in Berlin , Berlin War Academy . His tasks also included correcting the works of Frederick II.

During his stay in Berlin he got to know princesses and princes, envoys from France, Austria, England and Russia and members of the Academy of Science. Above all, however, he met Friedrich II, over and over again in an intensive exchange of ideas.

He also taught Alexander Mikhailovich Beloselsky , a later Russian diplomat and writer.

In 1765 he was elected a full member of the Prussian Academy of Sciences , from 1784 he was a foreign member.

As a scientist, Thiébault analyzed the structure of the state, administration, the Foreign Office, the post office, transport and the police. And as a man of letters he aptly characterized court society in Berlin and Europe with empathy, but also not leaving out any frivolity.

In 1784 he returned to France, where he held the post of archivist and librarian during the last years of the kingship. With his liberal ideas he narrowly escaped the guillotine. He lived to see the restoration and witnessed his son Paul's successful military career. He was born in Berlin in 1769 and was partly raised there.

Works (selection)

  • Apologie des jeunes ex-jésuites qui ont signé le serment prescript par arrêt du 6 février 1764. 1764,
  • Discours sur la prononciation. Berlin, 1765
  • Les adieux du duc de Bourgogne et de l'abbé de Fénelon ou Dialogues sur les différentes formes de gouvernement. 1772
  • Essai synthétique sur l'origine et la formation des langues. 1774
  • De l'enseignement dans les écoles centrales. 1796
  • Traité Sur L'Esprit Public , Levrault et al. a., Strasbourg, 1797/1798, ( digital , Bayerische StaatsBib.).
  • Traité du style , Lavillette, Paris, 1801
  • Tome Premier, ( digital , Bayerische StaatsBib.).
  • Tome Second, ( digital , Bavarian State Library).
  • Grammaire philosophique, ou la métaphysique, la logique, et la grammaire, réunies en und seul corps de doctrine , Courcier, Paris, 1802
  • Tome Premier, ( digital , Bayerische StaatsBib.).
  • Tome Second, ( digital , Bavarian State Library).
  • Principes de lecture et de prononciation. 1802
  • Mes souvenirs de vingt ans de séjour a Berlin ou Fréderic le Grand, sa famille, sa cour, son gouvernement, son Académie, ses écoles, et ses amis littérateurs et philosophes , Buisson, Paris, 1805
  • Frédéric le Grand , Tome Premier, ( digital , Bayerische StaatsBib.).
  • Frédéric et sa famille , Tome Second, ( digital , Bayerische StaatsBib.).
  • Frédéric, sa cour, les voyageurs et les ministres étrangers , Tome Troisieme, ( digital , Bayerische StaatsBib.).
  • Frédéric et son gouvernement civil et militaire , Tome Quatrieme, ( digital , Bayerische StaatsBib.).
  • Frédéric, son Académie, ses écoles et ses amis littérateurs et philosophes , Tome Cinquieme, ( digital , Bayerische StaatsBib.).

literature

  • Dieudonné Thiébault: Frederick the Great and his court. Memories of a 20-year stay in Berlin, CHF Hartmann, Leipzig 1828.
  • First part, ( digital , Bavarian State Library).
  • Second part, ( digital , Bavarian State Library).
  • Jean-François Barrière , Souvenirs de vingt ans de séjour à Berlin par Dieudonné Thiébault, avec avant-propos et notes par MF Barrière, Firmin Didot Freres, Paris, 1860
  • Tome Premier, ( digital , Bayerische StaatsBib.). Bibliothèque des mémoires relatifs a l'histoire de France pendant le 18me siècle: avec avant-propos et notices, Tome 23
  • Tome Second, ( digital , Bavarian State Library). Bibliothèque des mémoires relatifs a l'histoire de France pendant le 18me siècle: avec avant-propos et notices, Tome 24

portrait

  • Engraving by Lembert Jeune after a drawing by Milaire, ( online , University of Trier)

Web link

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Pierre Larousse: Grand Dictionnaire universel du xixe siècle. Vol. 15, Paris, Administration du grand Dictionnaire universel, p. 123.
  2. ↑ Dictionnaire des journalistes. 768 Dieudonné THIEBAULT (1733-1807)
  3. ^ Members of the previous academies. Dieudonné Thiébault. Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities , accessed on June 23, 2015 .
  4. ^ The translation into the German language appeared as a two-volume edition.
  5. ↑ Review in the Jenaische Allgemeine, Nov. 1827, No. 205, p. 200 ( digital , Thuringian University and State Library Jena), new edition by: Berlin Story Verlag, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-929829-31-2
personal data
SURNAME Thiébault, Dieudonné
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French Romance studies, professor of French grammar
DATE OF BIRTH December 26, 1733
PLACE OF BIRTH La Roche
DATE OF DEATH December 5, 1807
Place of death Versailles