Kampen dolmen
| Kampen dolmen | |||
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 Rectangular dolmen in a round hill (Prov. 3) |
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| Coordinates | 54 ° 57 '53 " N , 8 ° 20' 33" E | ||
| place | Kampen , Schleswig-Holstein , Germany | ||
| Emergence | 3500 and 2800 BC Chr. | ||
| Sprockhoff no. | 2-3 | ||
The Kampen dolmen on the island of Sylt in Schleswig-Holstein lay under dunes . The megalithic system of the funnel beaker culture (TBK) was created between 3500 and 2800 BC. Chr.
Rectangular dolmen in the giant bed
The dolmen bears the Sprockhoff no. 2 and is north of the village. It is the northernmost megalithic complex in Germany. It was cut during road construction work and excavated by Karl Kersten in 1939 . The border in the western part is missing, so the total length is unknown. The long bed is 6.25 m wide. The rest of the earth mound is 0.6 m high and interspersed with fist-sized to double-headed stones. The curbs that have been preserved consist of closely spaced boulders from 0.6 to 1.0 m high.
The chamber
The chamber of the rectangular pole has internal dimensions of about 2 × 1 m. There are two bearing stones on the long sides. In the west there is a large keystone, in the east there is the half-height entry stone In the access opening leaned a stone slab that once closed the remaining gap. The capstone is missing, but in the upper part of the chamber there were several thin stone slabs up to about 0.7 m long, which possibly covered the chamber. The gaps between the five supporting stones were carefully filled with small plates and smeared with clay . The floor is unpaved. Apparently there was no outer sheathing of the chamber.
Finds
The chamber was filled with yellow sand. On the floor in the middle of the chamber was a round burn area about four feet in diameter with a few pieces of burned flint . In the chamber were two funnel beakers (one broken), a flint ax, a small amber bead, and a bronze fragment.
Rectangular dolmen in the round hill
The rectangular dolmen on the "Red Cliff" has the Sprockhoff number. 3. Half of it was blown free and was excavated in 1957 by G. Schäfer. In the access area it has a half-wide keystone and a low entry stone. The corridor is in front of it.
The round hill
The flat arched round hill surrounded by a wide stone wreath made of stones the size of a head or a double head is 10 m in diameter and one meter high. Its surface is covered with fist up head-sized boulders covered. The mound made of yellowish-gray sandy material is crossed horizontally by some darker bands.
The chamber
The chamber was built in a pit in the middle of the hill, which indicates an early development. The 3.1 m long chamber has three large bearing stones on each long side, which are strongly inclined inwards. The width is 1.10 m at the bottom, but only 0.3–0.5 m at the top. On the narrow side, instead of a supporting stone, a large stone slab is leaning against the chamber at an angle. Above it lay a fragment of a large stone slab that may originally have belonged to the cover. The chamber is built negligently, especially in this area. The bearing stones are unevenly high, their upper edges have a slope.
Half of the access side is closed with an upright stone, and there was a low threshold stone in the remaining entrance opening. A somewhat irregularly built corridor made of two or three supporting stones connects to the access opening. It is about 1.4 m long and 0.5 m wide. No capstones could be detected for the corridor and the eastern part of the chamber.
The gaps between the supporting stones were very carefully filled with stone slabs, especially at the transition to the corridor, and covered with clay. The rear part of the chamber has a pavement made of large, thin stone slabs laid in clay screed. Otherwise the floor was covered with a firm reddish-brown layer of clay, interspersed with small granite chunks. The corridor has a clay screed without granite gravel. All bearing stones were encased on the outside with fist-sized to double-fist-sized or larger rolling stones, which were embedded in clay, so that the coat packing was very firm.
Finds
The chamber was filled with light, fine sand, which was crisscrossed at various levels with fine, darker ribbons and charcoal remains. Several head-sized stones lay in the filling. The remains of a burial were observed on the floor of the chamber. Small traces of an unburned body were preserved in front of the rear end of the chamber. The burial probably included a small clay bowl and remains of amber . In the middle of the chamber lay a flint blade, four small pieces of amber and small shards of vessels. To the northwest of the center of the chamber, shards and small remains of amber were found 0.45 m above the floor. Near the narrow side was a two-knob pot, 0.3 m above the sole, which contained white sand and some corpse burn.
In the outer corridor area and in front of the corridor there were a number of broken pieces. a. from several funnel cups that may have come from the chamber. Other objects lay between the stones of the stone wreath or in the chamber fill.
A little to the south is the small oval passage grave near Kampen , which is only not a polygonal pole because it has two cap stones instead of one. It bears the Sprockhoff no. 1.
See also
literature
- Karl Kersten, Peter La Baume: Prehistory of the North Frisian Islands. Publications of the State Office for Prehistory and Early History in Schleswig. The prehistoric and early historical monuments and finds in Schleswig-Holstein Vol. 4. Wachholtz, Neumünster 1958, pp. 412–417.
- Ernst Sprockhoff : Atlas of the megalithic tombs of Germany. Part 1: Schleswig-Holstein. Rudolf-Habelt Verlag, Bonn 1966, p. 1.
Web links
- The Megalithic Portal: Grab Spr. 2 , Grab Spr. 3
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sprockhoff: Atlas of Germany's megalithic tombs 1. Supplement 1.