Kampen (Sylt)

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 54 ° 57 '  N , 8 ° 21'  E
Basic data
State :	Schleswig-Holstein
Circle :	North Friesland
Office :	Sylt landscape
Height :	24 m above sea level NHN
Area :	8.42 km 2
Residents:	461 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	55 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes :	25999, 25992 (Jugendseeheim Kassel, Vogelkoje)
Area code :	04651
License plate :	NF
Community key :	01 0 54 061
Office administration address:	Andreas-Nielsen-Strasse 1 25980 Sylt
Website :	www.gemeinde-kampen.de
Mayoress :	Stefanie Böhm (KWV)
Location of the municipality of Kampen (Sylt) in the district of North Friesland

Kampen (Sylt) ( North Frisian Kaamp (Söl) , Danish Kampen (Sild) ) is a municipality in the district of North Friesland in Schleswig-Holstein and is located on the island of Sylt . It was first mentioned in a document in 1543.

history

View from the lighthouse to Kampen (1894)

For centuries until around 1900, Kampen was a purely agricultural place, seafaring and fishing, as well as industry and handicrafts hardly played a role. The village of Kampen together with the Wenningstedt settlement and the then Braderup farmers formed the municipality of Norddörfer from June 27, 1871 . Church, school and other social institutions were shared which, due to the small number of inhabitants in the individual villages, could only be operated and financed as a group. Tourists discovered Kampen - the quiet place in the middle of heathland - relatively late. Until the beginning of the 20th century it was considered an insider tip. It was not until the 1920s that a bathing life developed in Kampen. An ordinance from 1912 , which is still valid today, stipulated in detail that all new houses should correspond to the townscape, i.e. For example, clinker construction with a traditional thatched roof must be built.

On March 21, 1927, Kampen left the Norddörfer community and from then on formed its own community.

Before and during the Second World War , Wehrmacht camps were also set up in the municipality of Kampen. A larger camp was located on the site of today's campsite in the south-west of the village. It was built in connection with the planned expansion of the air base on the Braderuper Heide and most recently served the Wenningstedt heavy sea target battery as accommodation. However, there was never any direct fighting, and there was no significant damage in Kampen from attacks by Allied bombers in the course of the war. To the east of the village was a flak position with numerous underground military bunkers and barracks, the latter housed refugees from the German eastern regions in the immediate post-war period. In the 1950s, this became the “Kupferkanne” café.

House cliff end

At the beginning of the 20th century, many artists and intellectuals were drawn to Kampen. The “ Haus Kliffende ”, built in 1923, became the preferred quarters of Thomas Mann and many others. After the end of the Second World War, the place increasingly became a meeting place for the "rich and beautiful" - the industrialists of the economic miracle. Celebrities from film and television found Kampen chic. In the 1960s there was a significant boom in the nudist movement. The beach at “Buhne 16” achieved particular popularity in this context through extensive media coverage. Since the 1980s, the "Kampen scene" has become quieter. Due to the continued popularity of the place, the appearance of the place has changed significantly in the last few decades. The settlement density has increased considerably, as many of the formerly very generous plots have been parceled out due to the constantly high demand.

The Northwest Heath

Development of the municipality area

Kampen as seen from the Uwe dune

Around the old town center, on the so-called Nordheide, the summer houses and villas of the mostly wealthy guests have been built since the 1920s, thus multiplying the area of ​​the community within a few years. Contrary to initial plans from 1906, the Westheide west of the village and north of Kurhausstraße was spared from development and is now under nature protection .

The municipality representatives of the municipality of Kampen have always spoken out against any form of island merger and thus prevented a merger of all island municipalities into the municipality of Sylt .

politics

Community representation

Since the local elections in 2008, the KWV electoral community has held all nine seats. In the election on May 26, 2013, this result was confirmed and the turnout was 50.4 percent.

coat of arms

Blazon : “A silver beach thistle in blue.” On the community flag, the thistle is in the upper left corner on a blue background of an otherwise blue and white striped cloth.

Town twinning

The municipality of Lech (Austria) has been a partner municipality of Kampen since 2002 . A gift from the well-known Vorarlberg winter sports resort was a discarded gondola from a cable car , which has now been set up on the main beach in Kampen. In return, there is a thatched bus shelter in the center of Lech.

religion

Kampen does not have its own church. For a long time, the predominantly Protestant residents had to go to church in Keitum, about seven kilometers away . In 1914, the Friesenkapelle was built in the neighboring village of Wenningstedt , whose “North Villages Community” also includes Kampen. In the summer months, open-air church services are held in different locations in Kampen.

Economy and Infrastructure

As with almost all communities on the island of Sylt, the economic infrastructure of Kampen is also concentrated in the field of tourism . A corresponding monostructure has developed from this to this day. Due to this development in the field of tourism among the wealthy population groups (see also the history section), Kampen is still a more expensive and exclusive holiday destination on the island of Sylt. The previously concise structure of spectacular parties and events of the jet set has changed in the meantime. Today people live and celebrate in a secluded place.

Companies

The corporate structure is strongly characterized by branches of upscale retail companies, such as upscale clothing stores and jewelers. There are also various craft businesses and other service providers and accommodation providers based on site.

Public facilities

The community, together with the neighboring community of Wenningstedt, has the “Norddörfer Schule”, a primary school south of Kampen .

The municipal administration is located in "Kaamphüs". Tourist offers such as readings, concerts and the like also take place here.

traffic

The municipality of Kampen is crossed by the L24 road, which runs across the island from north to south, to the west of the old town center. In addition to the predominant individual traffic, public transport is maintained by bus line 1 of the Sylter Verkehrsgesellschaft .

Culture and sights

The Kampener Vogelkoje is located about three kilometers north of Kampen. Today, numerous water birds can frolic in this nature reserve undisturbed. As early as 1767 there was a facility here that was used to catch wild ducks. Until 1921 , around 25,000 ducks were caught here every year . In 1935 the facility was placed under nature protection and prepared by Knud Ahlborn and Peter Kuhlemann for use as an information center. From 1970 Manfred Wedemeyer researched the Vogelkoje under the aspect of nature conservation education. Between 1986 and 1988 the facility was reconstructed true to the original. In the two buildings there are exhibitions on the Sylt bird world and the history of the bird beds. An approximately 700 m long nature trail rounds off the exhibition.

Cross brand fire Red cliff in the dune landscape

The Red Cliff to the west of the town actually seems to glow red at sunset . It is up to 30 meters high. It is at great risk from storm surges and erosion .

The Uwe dune in the southwest of the place is 52.5  m above sea level. NHN the highest point on the island and was named after Uwe Jens Lornsen , a freedom fighter from Sylt .

The Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park extends east of the town . In the summer season, guided hikes in the mudflats are offered by the community .

In Kampen there are numerous studios of well-known artists, so u. a. the place of activity of the painter Siegward Sprotte , which can be visited in the summer months.

Several Stone Age barrows and unopened burial mounds can be found on the Westheide, including the passage grave near Kampen and the Dolmen von Kampen . They are not signposted; The old ring wall in Kampen is largely unknown, has no signage and is thus protected from the negative effects of mass tourism. Several unopened burial mounds are clearly visible on the Westheide.

The Kampen lighthouse

The striking 40 meter high black and white Kampen lighthouse has been located on the high Geest core south of the village for over 150 years .

Joerg Plickat - sculpture MEERTOR in Avenarius Park since 2011

Avenarius Park has been in the middle of Kampen since 1965 . Until 2009 it was called Dorfpark .

Personalities

• Ferdinand Avenarius (1856–1923), German poet and founder of the magazine Der Kunstwart , lived in his house 'Uhlenkamp' in Kampen, where a large park was named after him
• Emil Nolde (1867-1956), German painter of Expressionism
• Fritz Wichert (1878–1951), German art historian, was director of the Mannheimer Kunsthalle and the Frankfurt Städelschule
• Siegfried Jacobsohn (1881–1926), German journalist and theater critic, spent numerous summers in Kampen from 1913 to 1926
• Anita Rée (1885–1933), German avant-garde painter
• Max Baldner (1887–1946), German musician and owner of the Klenderhof
• Knud Ahlborn (1888–1977), an important figure in the early youth movement , was instrumental in founding the free German camp in Klappholttal on Sylt .
• Peter Suhrkamp (1891–1959), German publisher and founder of Suhrkamp Verlag
• Clara Tiedemann (1891–1979), German actress, ran the Kliffende guest house from 1925 to 1955
• Valeska Gert (1892–1978), German dancer and actress, since the 1920s (lived entirely in Kampen for the last decades of her life)
• Willy Thomsen (1898–1969), German painter, draftsman, caricaturist, illustrator and graphic artist
• Hans Zehrer (1899–1966), German journalist
• Alexander Camaro (1901–1992), German painter and dancer , worked alternately in Berlin and his studio in Kampen
• Kurt Lambert (1908–1967), German painter
• Axel Springer (1912–1985), German newspaper publisher, had a living room and a guest house in Kampen
• Siegward Sprotte (1913–2004), German painter
• Berthold Beitz (1913–2013), German entrepreneur, spent numerous summers in his holiday home in Kampen until his death, where he also died
• Otto Eglau (1917–1988), German painter and graphic artist
• Carl Ihrke (1921–1983), German painter and graphic artist
• Fritz J. Raddatz (1931–2015), German columnist and writer

Picture gallery

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  Red cliff

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  Red Cliff, 2007

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  Kampen lighthouse, around 1895

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  Thatched house in the Kampener Heide

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  Vogelkoje Kampen

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  Passage grave near Kampen

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  Kampen beach promenade

literature

• Sylt . In: Wolfgang Mielke (Ed.): Perinique . Culture magazine Germany. No. 8 . Perinique, May 2009, ISSN  1869-9952 , DNB  1000901297 , ZDB -ID 2544795-6 (48-page booklet with a focus on Kampen (1952-1959)).
• Rolf Spreckelsen: North Sea resort Kampen on Sylt. The history of the bathroom. Hans Christians Verlag, Hamburg 1978, ISBN 3-7672-0568-8 .
• Rolf Spreckelsen, Manfred Wedemeyer u. a .: 450 years of Kampen. Published by the municipality of Nordseebad Kampen on Sylt 1994
• Rolf Spreckelsen: Kampen - Sylt: the flirt for life; the story of a village. Christians Verlag, Hamburg 1996 ISBN 3-7672-1253-6
• Ingo Kühl : Das Haus am Watt - Kampen Sketches , Verlag Kettler, Dortmund 2015, ISBN 978-3-86206-473-1
• Ingo Kühl: Das Haus am Watt (picture book large format 42 × 30 cm), Edition Schöne Bücher published by Kettler Verlag, Dortmund 2015, ISBN 978-3-86206-484-7

Web links

Commons : Kampen  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Website of the municipality of Kampen (Sylt)
• Website of the Kampen Tourism Service

Individual evidence

1. ↑ North Statistics Office - Population of the municipalities in Schleswig-Holstein 4th quarter 2019 (XLSX file) (update based on the 2011 census) ( help on this ).
2. ↑ ^{a b} State Statistical Office Schleswig-Holstein (ed.): The population of the communities in Schleswig-Holstein 1867–1970 . State Statistical Office Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel 1972, p. 237 .
3. ↑ Web editing: Result of the Kampen municipal election 2013. In: www.gemeinde-sylt.de. Sylt municipality, archived from the original on June 26, 2013 ; Retrieved June 7, 2016 . 
4. ↑ Schleswig-Holstein's municipal coat of arms
5. ^ Manfred Wedemeyer: Die Vogelkoje Kampen , Westholsteinische Verlagsanstalt Boyens & Co., Heide in Holstein, 1974, p. 8
6. ^ Museums SH .
7. ^ Website of the publishing house Kettler, Dortmund: Ingo Kühl - Das Haus am Watt