Reußenköge

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 54 ° 36 '  N , 8 ° 54'  E
Basic data
State :	Schleswig-Holstein
Circle :	North Friesland
Management Community :	Office of Central North Friesland
Height :	2 m above sea level NHN
Area :	45.91 km 2
Residents:	324 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density :	7 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	25821
Primaries :	04671, 04674
License plate :	NF
Community key :	01 0 54 108
Address of the municipal administration:	Theodor-Storm-Strasse 2 25821 Bredstedt, Germany
Website :	www.reussenkoege.de
Mayor :	Dirk Albrecht (WGR)
Location of the municipality of Reußenköge in the district of North Friesland

Reußenköge ( Danish : Reussenkog) is a municipality near Bredstedt in the district of North Friesland in Schleswig-Holstein .

geography

Geographical location

The municipality Reußenköge is located in the middle of the North Frisian Marsch on the same geographical latitude as the neighboring municipality to the east, the town of Bredstedt, in the region of Central North Frisia .

Expansion of the municipal area

The parish covers an area that consists of seven diked kogs . The Hamburg Hallig in front of it is also part of the community . The total area is almost 4600 hectares, which extend for about twelve kilometers along the North Sea coast.

geology

The origin of the municipality is of Holocene origin. The oldest area is the Hamburg Hallig, which already existed in the first part of the 17th century as part of the Amsinckkoog on Alt-Nordstrand and was one of the few parts of this area to survive the Burchardi flood in 1634.

From 1741 onwards, several dikes created fertile marshland . The six inhabited crags that were obtained in this way by 1926 have high quality soils, which to this day form the basis for high-yield agriculture.

The youngest part of the municipality is the northern section of the Beltringharder Kooges . This has only a few land areas - also because of its nature as a nature reserve . They are only approved for extensive grazing . There are also two large bodies of water in this part of the Koog. This is a freshwater biotope and a storage basin. The latter is used to drain the hinterland through the upstream Sönke-Nissen-Koog lock.

Community structure

The populated kegs belonging to the municipality are (in chronological order of the dike):

• Sophien-Magdalenen-Koog (also Sophie-Magdalenen-Koog )
• Desmerciereskoog
• Reußenkoog
• Louisenkoog (also Louisen-Reußen-Koog )
• Cecilienkoog
• Sönke-Nissen-Koog

This area is supplemented by the northern part of the Beltringharder Kooges, completed in 1987, and the Hamburg Hallig .

history

The great storm surges in 1362 and 1634 changed the North Frisian mainland coast in such a way that only small islands and islets remained of the formerly huge fertile areas and the coast shifted almost to the Geestrand. A cut the size of today's Reußenköge community was created here, the Bredstedter Bucht.

King Christian IV of Denmark came up with the plan to dike the area between the Hattstedter Koog and Ockholm in one go. The name "Bredstedter Werk" comes from him. After several attempts, this project was finally destroyed by the flood of ice on January 10, 1625. Even the creation of thigh dikes around 1716/17 did not lead to the hoped-for success. The owners of the octroy (granted privilege) now put their property up for sale in order to save the land. So it happened that the privy councilor Jean Henri Huguetan Graf von Gyldensteen and his son, the conference councilor Jean Henri Desmercières , all rights of the previous owners in 1728 and additionally in 1733 the octroy of Christian VI. could acquire. Step by step, they began to dike not the entire area, but only in sections the foreland that was really high enough. The first to emerge was the Sophien-Magdalenen-Koog. Count Desmercières did not take the mudflats to the south - the later Desmerciereskoog - with him because it was not yet ready for embankment at the time.

The dike closure of the Sophien-Magdalenen-Kooges was completed in 1741. In 1742 the land was put up for sale. After Count Gyldensteen and Count Desmercières had jointly received the Octroy and financed the dike, Count Gyldensteen left the new Koog to his son, who had planned and managed everything as an administrative specialist, as sole property. The Koog was divided into seven farms and measured by the surveyor Heinrich Hemsen from Niebüll . In 1754 a map was drawn that is still preserved today. So the Sophien-Magdalenen-Koog became the nucleus of the later Reußenköge community.

Today the forefather Count Desmercières is commemorated on site at the Koogshalle in Sophien-Magdalenen-Koog with a plaque.

Memorial plaque in honor of Count Desmercières

In 1767, the Desmerciereskoog, named after its builder, was dyed. In the further course the two Reussian kings (1789 the Reußenkoog and 1799 the Louisen-Reußen-Koog) were added. The transfer of the dyke building rights to Count Heinrich XLIII. Reuss Kostritz to the son of Desmercières' niece took place after the death of Count Desmercières per Fideikommiss .

The (main) participants of the imposed kings enjoyed some special privileges. The financiers had their investment rewarded with various freedoms from the Danish royal family. Desmercières was assured of administrative freedom (including the first court instance) in the relevant Oktroy, as well as the possibilities of using the foreland. For this reason, the Oktroy was even after the transition to Heinrich XLIII. Reuss zu Köstritz valid for the following two kings. The representation in the first years, as can be seen from the chronicles of Sophien-Magdalenen-Koog and Desmercièreskoog, was done by the so-called Koogsinspektor based in the Koog .

In the remaining areas, the lowest administrative division was that of the Harden . After the subdivision of the Harden had been changed in 1850, the addition and settlement took place by ordinance of June 8, 1853. a. the imposed kings to the Harden. The Reußenköge came to the so-called Bredstedt landscape , which was part of the Bredstedt district .

After the lost German-Danish War , the Reußenköge and the Duchy of Schleswig were incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia . The reorganization within the framework of the ordinance of June 22, 1867 resulted in an administrative reorganization. For the first time, this meant the separation of public administration and the judiciary. The administration was carried out by the so-called Hardesvogteien, which corresponded to the former Harden in terms of area.

In 1871 the four imposed Reussian kegs were raised to the status of an independent rural community with the name Reußenköge. In 1889, the district of Bordelum was finally formed, to which, in addition to Reußenköge, the parish district of Bordelum and the manor districts of Hamburger Hallig and Vorufer were assigned. However, in the following years, the community representatives repeatedly fought against this “amalgamation” carried out by the authorities.

In 1903 the next series of dikes finally began. With the Cecilienkoog , diked-in lands were created that were previously part of the Pieck-, Meed- and Jacobshallig. The name was given according to a traditional pattern. It was named after Cecilie von Mecklenburg-Schwerin , who at the time was preparing for a wedding with the Prussian Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm Viktor August Ernst von Prussia , the son of the last German Emperor Wilhelm II . At the same time she was the great-granddaughter of a member of the House of Reuss , which was connected to the dikes of the two Reussian kings.

In 1925 the embankment of the Sönke-Nissen-Koog began. This was incorporated into the community in 1927. It was the last dike in the municipality to date for the purpose of land reclamation. In 1928 the Hamburg Hallig manor district was dissolved and also incorporated into Reußenköge. In December 1929 Reußenköge then became a municipality without an office.

In the period after the Second World War , there was a large influx of refugees. After the Beltringharder Koog was dyed in 1987, the northern sub-area in front of the Cecilien- and Sönke-Nissen-Koog was transferred in 1996.

The administration building of the Central North Friesland Office

With the formation of the district of North Friesland, the office was dissolved in 1970 and the Reußenköge were to form the Stollberg office together with the municipality of Bordelum and the municipalities of the Langenhorn office. Both the municipalities of the Langenhorn office and the municipality of Reußenköge sued against this. The Stollberg Office was finally formed on January 1, 1972 without Reußenköge, who remained free of office. The community then formed an administrative community with the city of Bredstedt, which has carried out the administrative business for Reußenköge. This administrative community was dissolved in the course of the reform of the office structure in 2008. Since that moment there has been an administrative partnership with the newly established Central North Friesland Office .

Tent city of the NF-Cup-Camp in Sophien-Magdalenen-Koog

For many years, sports-loving handball players found their way into the community every year. On two consecutive weekends in mid-August, the so-called NF-Cup-Camp was set up in the form of a tent city in Sophien-Magdalenen-Koog as overnight accommodation for the participating athletes. On the two Saturdays, the associated NF Cup party took place in the neighboring Koogshalle .

In 2008, a project to expand the telecommunications network started on the initiative of the municipality. The aim was to supply all households in the community with a broadband network connection. After a difficult start, this project was completed in 2012. In addition to Bohmstedt, the community recently acted as pilot communities in the AktivRegion Nordfriesland Nord for the newly founded broadband network company.

In 2011, Mayor Johannes Volquardsen received the Freiherr-vom Stein Medal for special services to local government.

politics

administration

After the Second World War, the Reußenköge became an unofficial community. With an interruption in the 1970s, she has remained vacant to this day. Until 1970 the community had its own administration. After the short membership in the Stollberg office, the city of Bredstedt took care of the administrative business. Since 2008 there has been an administrative partnership with the Central North Friesland Office . The administrative building of the office in Bredstedt belongs to the municipality of Reußenköge and is rented to the office.

Community representation

Traditionally, the Reußenköge community of voters (WGR) occupies all seats in the local parliament. In the local elections on May 6, 2018, she kept her nine seats with a voter turnout of 64.7 percent.

coat of arms

Blazon : “Divided by green and silver in a wave cut. Above a golden sheaf consisting of six ears of wheat, below five blue wavy threads, covered with a black triangular shield, inside a red crowned and tongued golden lion. "

Culture and sights

There are various sights for guests. Among other things, this includes a visit to the largest nature reserve on the Schleswig-Holstein mainland, the Beltringharder Kooges . Nature lovers and ornithologists will find a lot of study material here. A visit to the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park , which lies directly in front of the municipality, and the Hallig in Hamburg are also among the highly frequented attractions.

Amsinckhaus

A visit to the Amsinck House is recommended for guests interested in the landscape and culture . This is the information center for the Central North Friesland region. It is located directly at the dike crossing to the Hamburger Hallig in Sönke-Nissen-Koog .

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The houses of the Sönke-Nissen-Koog are an architectural attraction. The spacious individual courtyards in the Koog are designed by the architect Heinrich Stav. Despite their different sizes, they all have a similar floor plan, white exterior walls and green roofs. 24 of them were placed under monument protection in 2005. They are listed in the list of cultural monuments in Reußenköge .

Other sights are the Engelsplatz in Desmerciereskoog and the Desmercieres monument in Sophien-Magdalenen-Koog .

Regular events

Every year the local volunteer fire brigade organizes a children's festival at the Koogshalle for the young residents of the community. The day before, there is traditionally a festive evening for adult citizens.

The community's own Koogshalle is regularly in demand as a venue for a variety of medium-sized events as well as family celebrations.

Economy and Infrastructure

Economic structure

Until the late 20th century, the economic structure in the municipality was almost exclusively characterized by agriculture. The high-quality soils in all of the Kögen, which are comparable in terms of soil quality to those of the coastal locations on the edge of the low mountain ranges and some floodplain valleys , made local agriculture competitive. In the second half of the 20th century, this was additionally supported by the European agricultural policy , which to a large extent decoupled agriculture from price developments on the world market.

After this policy area had been further and further liberalized in the 1980s and 1990s, there was a structural change in agriculture. So it became necessary for the farms to develop other sources of income or to increase the size of the farms. Since the latter was hardly possible within the community, some farmers reoriented their business. After German reunification, some sought their salvation in the new federal states, where larger farms could be managed. For purely agricultural purposes on cash crops oriented production this was of immense importance.

The landscape in the Reußenkögen is determined by many wind turbines

Alternatively, there was a further structural change in the community from the 1990s onwards through renewable energies . The wind here was particularly promising at one of windhöffigsten locations in Germany. Above all, the active involvement of the community and community councils has significantly influenced and accelerated the expansion of renewable energies. The community wind farm concept that was being pursued gave everyone living in the community the opportunity to benefit from the growth in this future-oriented field. This area has developed rapidly and is now one of the main sources of income for citizens, landowners and the community. Most of the residents are now shareholders in the Reußenköge community wind farm, which has now been merged . In 2010, the Reußenköge community generated an average of 140 times more electrical energy than it consumed itself.

In some cases, agricultural operations managers have built up another pillar in the area of ​​project management for the construction of regenerative energy systems and their operational management. Other businesses have created an alternative source of income for themselves through direct marketing of agricultural products or in tourism - holidays on the farm .

traffic

The traffic connection of the community of Reußenköge is mainly carried out by motorized individual traffic . Coming from the south, the Schleswig-Holstein state road 278 branches off from federal road 5 in the neighboring community of Struckum . The municipal boundary is reached after about 3 km with the entrance to Desmerciereskoog . In Sönke-Nissen-Koog, this leads to Landesstraße 11 branching off in Bredstedt , which continues from there to Ockholm. This route is often known as a cross connection / shortcut from the southern parts of the country to the journey to Dagebüll and Schlüttsiel . The (main) land-side access of the ferry connections to the North Frisian islands of Föhr and Amrum , as well as to the Halligen, is located in the places mentioned .

The community's public transport connections are guaranteed via the school bus line  1028 of the Schleswig-Holstein local transport network and, since August 2019, an on- call bus . The bus stops in the extensive community belong to the Bredstedt on- call bus area and connect the town to the central transfer stop Bredstedt, train station every two hours during the day (including weekends) . There the regular buses run to the assigned regional center of Flensburg (line R125) and to the middle center of Husum (line R120), as well as local rail transport (SPNV) on the Marschbahn . The operator is currently the Husum-based bus company Rohde Verkehrsbetriebe .

Public facilities

There are hardly any public institutions in the community itself. The municipal state and church (administrative) institutions are located in Bredstedt and Breklum. Due to the strongly agricultural economic structure, however, there is an agricultural test field of the Schleswig-Holstein Chamber of Agriculture in Sönke-Nissen-Koog.

education

There were two primary schools in the community until the middle of the 20th century. Since these facilities closed, students have had to attend the closest educational facilities. Then as now, these are located in the city of Bredstedt. These include u. a. the elementary school as well as a community school that was created with the school reform passed in Schleswig-Holstein in 2007 . The closest grammar schools are located in Husum and Niebüll.

Associated with Reußenköge

• The following personalities have particularly influenced the development of the community. Jean Henri Desmercières , as the owner of an octroy, which gave him the right to dike the Sophien-Magdalenen and Desmerciereskooges, became the “forefather” of today's community.
• In addition, at the beginning of the 20th century, the industrialist Sönke Nissen came along . He played a key role in the financing of the youngest and largest inhabited municipality belonging to the Koog, the Sönke-Nissen-Koog named after him.
• Hinrich Struve (* 1929) lives in Sönke-Nissen-Koog. From 1980 to 1985 he was state fire chief and from 1981 to 1993 President of the German Fire Brigade Association ; since 1993 its honorary president.

Web links

Commons : Reußenköge  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Reußenköge community

Individual evidence

1. ↑ North Statistics Office - Population of the municipalities in Schleswig-Holstein 4th quarter 2019 (XLSX file) (update based on the 2011 census) ( help on this ).
2. ↑ Schleswig-Holstein topography. Vol. 8: Pölitz - Schönbek . 1st edition Flying-Kiwi-Verl. Junge, Flensburg 2007, ISBN 978-3-926055-89-7 , pp. 164 ( dnb.de [accessed on July 23, 2020]).
3. ↑ Nicolai Möllgaard, Boy Chr. Sibbers: Sophie - Magdalenen - Koog 1741-2002: Desmerciereskoog 1767-2002: Koogsbook. Self-published, 2002, DNB 750964642 .
4. ↑ See Harde # Modern Times (first paragraph)
5. ↑ See Harde # Modern Times (second paragraph)
6. ↑ The new Reußenköge district is mentioned in the Koog protocols
7. ↑ Broadband for everyone: a vision is slowly becoming a reality. on: shz.de September 30, 2011.
8. ↑ Well the region is close to his heart. In: Husumer Nachrichten. November 25, 2011.
9. ↑ Schleswig-Holstein's municipal coat of arms
10. ↑ Frank Pergande: Bürgerwindpark, which reap the wind. FAZ.net , October 12, 2012, accessed on November 11, 2019 . 
11. ^ Carlo Angerer: Wind turbines for everyone. Spiegel online , July 23, 2011, accessed November 11, 2019 . 
12. ↑ Flyer on call bus area Bredstedt. Retrieved November 11, 2019 .