Jalali Castle
| Jalali Castle | ||
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| place | Kashan , Iran | |
| Client | Majd ed-Din Abolghassem Kashani | |
| Architectural style | Razi | |
| Coordinates | 33 ° 58 '22 " N , 51 ° 26' 26" E | |
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The Jalali Castle ( Persian قلعه جلالی Ghale ye Jalali , [ ɢælʔɛ jɛ d͡ʒælɑli ]) is located in the Iranian city of Kashan .
history
The city walls around Kashan were originally built on the orders of Sobeyde Chatun , the wife of Hārūn ar- Raschīd . She financially promoted development in various cities in Islamic countries.
In the Seljuk era, Malik Shah I ordered the repair of the wall and the fortification of two castles . He also ordered the construction of the Jalali Castle on the west side of the city. It is historically documented that the castle was surrounded by a moat . The city fortifications with castle, tower and city walls proved to be effective over the centuries. So could Malek Seljuk at a three-month siege in 1138 the city did not conquer and destroyed some outlying villages. In 1198, Miajegh , a commander in the Khorezm Shah's era, was unable to conquer the city during a four-month siege and was only able to plunder a few villages outside the city like Malek Seljuk. During the sieges, the tower and city walls were severely damaged by boulders being thrown and fireballs by the Mangonel gun, but this was repaired each time.
In the early Safavid era, the castle served as a shelter and base for bandits. Ismail I therefore ordered the castle to be destroyed, but for unknown reasons the order was not carried out, on the contrary, further construction work and repairs made the castle stronger and more impermeable. The walls of the castle were 4 m thick and 6 m high at that time.
Mohammad Chan Torkaman , who took advantage of the weakness of the government at the time of Mohammad Chodābande and rebelled, used the resilience of the castle and made it his base. For twelve years he made himself Kashan's dictator. In addition, he attacked the Safavid house by having Cheyr on-Nessa Beygom , the mother of Abbas I , killed by his men in Isfahan . After Abbas I came to the throne, he immediately put down the rebellion and killed Torkaman and his followers. After the suppression of the rebellion, peace and stability returned in the era of Abbas I until the late Safavid era, so the inner structures of the castle gradually fell into disrepair, only the thick walls, towers and yacht scarves , which were built with adobe bricks , remained .
In addition to the gradual destruction, the castle was at times violently affected. After the attack by the Afghans , they severely destroyed the castle, but it was partially repaired during the time of Nadir Shah .
The Kashan earthquake in 1778 further destroyed the castle's towers and walls, but Karim Khan had them rebuilt by Kashan's governor Abd ol-Rasagh Chan ; two gates were added to the five gates. The attack by Aga Mohammed Khan on the city failed not least because of the moat that was again drawn around the castle .
The last time the castle had a bloody war was during the Constitutional Revolution , in the time of the bandit Nayeb Hosseyn Chan Kashi and his sons.
The most important gate of the castle was the Dolat Gate. Its importance comes from the neighboring buildings, such as the large bazaar and a caravanserai .
In connection with the urban expansion of the present, the neighboring buildings were destroyed.
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.irtg.ir/historic.php?id=906&name=%D9%82%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%87%20%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A7% D9% 84% DB% 8C% 20% D9% 88% 20% D8% AD% D8% B5% D8% A7% D8% B1% 20% D8% B3% D9% 84% D8% AC% D9% 88% D9% 82% DB% 8C
- ↑ a b c d e f 'Hosseyn Yaghoubi: Travel Guide to Esfahan Province . Ed .: Arash Beheshti. Rouzane, 2004, ISBN 964-334-218-2 , pp. 169 (Persian: Rāhnamā ye Safar be Ostān e Esfāhān .).