Kashan (city)
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| Basic data | |||
| Country: |
 Iran
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| Province : | Isfahan | ||
| Coordinates : | 33 ° 59 ′ N , 51 ° 26 ′ E | ||
| Height : | 982 m | ||
| Residents : | 275,904 (2012) | ||
| Time zone : | UTC +3: 30 | ||
Kashan ( Persian كاشان, DMG Kāšān ) is a city in Isfahan Province in the central highlands of Iran .
geography
The city is located about 200 km south of Tehran on the northern edge of the Kuhrud Mountains at the transition to the central Iranian desert and is surrounded by the first large oasis along the road from Qom to Kerman . The core city has around 275,000 inhabitants (as of 2012 extrapolation), together with other places in the administrative unit around 317,000 inhabitants.
history
The central Persian highlands are one of the cradles of the ancient oriental civilizations. During excavations in the Tappe Sialk in the soft area of Kashan, houses from the 6th millennium BC were found. Some of the oldest evidence of metal extraction from the 4th millennium, Proto -Elamite tablets , cylinder seals , ceramics from the 3rd millennium and one of four known Elamite ziggurats .
economy
The Persian word for "tile", kāšī , is derived from the name of the city, as Kashan had an important ceramic industry in the Middle Ages . Today the city has an important textile industry, most of the mechanical carpet looms are in Kashan. The Kaschan carpets (a classic type of Persian carpets ) were named after her, which were widely famous among the Safavids in the 16th century and probably go back to the Seljuks . Kashan is also a center of Iranian rose water production . The villages a little outside of the city, which are fed by springs with abundant water, strongly orient their agriculture towards this.
40 km southeast of Kashan, near the city of Natanz, there is an underground uranium enrichment plant based on the gas centrifuge principle , which is part of the Iranian nuclear program .
In cooperation with China, the Zavareh-Kaschan oil and gas field is being examined for its profitability.
traffic
The city is on the Qom – Zahedan railway , the southern east-west rail link of Iran.
education
In 1974 the University of Kashan was founded as the city's first university , with around 4,500 students enrolled. In 1986 the Kashan University of Medicine followed .
Culinary specialties
For meat lovers Kashan has much to offer. The most famous specialty of Kashan is Gusht Lubia (“bean meat”). It consists of lamb in a kidney bean stew. Gusht Lubia is usually served with shevid polo, a rice made with lima beans and dill .
Attractions
In the 11th century, the Seljuk Sultan Malik Shah I had the Jalali castle ( Qalʿe-ye ǧalālī ) built in the center of Kashan , the walls of which are still standing today.
In 1778 the city was completely destroyed by an earthquake. It killed 8,000 people. The city was rebuilt - the generous new buildings from the 18th and 19th centuries from the time of the Qajar dynasty are now a tourist attraction. Two of the best-known are two properties that were built by the architect Ustad Ali Maryam around 1850: The Chane -ye Tabatabayi ( Ḫāne-ye Ṭabāṭabāʾī ("Ṭabāṭabāʾī house")) was built around 1840 for the influential Tabatabayi family. The Chane-ye Borudscherdi ( Ḫāne-ye Borūǧerdī ) was built by the rich merchant Haji Mehdi Borudscherdi as a wedding present for his bride, who came from the Tabatabayi family. The Ḫāne-ye ʿAbbāsīhā is also a well-known building in the city.
A point of attraction is one of the most famous Persian gardens , the Bāġ-e Fīn (" Fin Garden "). It is fed by abundant water sources from the nearby mountains, including the Češme-ye Soleimān ("Solomon's Spring "). In its present form, the garden was designed for Shah Abbas the Great . The Safavid dynasty used it as a recreational park. The buildings were rebuilt by the Qajar rulers, but the arrangement of the orchards and the marble pools with their water features largely correspond to the original.
climate
Kaschan lies in a valley basin on the northern edge of the Kuhrud Mountains. Due to the low lying location, heat can build up inside the valley and make the summers particularly hot. Kashan has a typical desert climate with particularly hot summers and cold winters. Due to the central location within the heartland, rainfall is rare. Most of the rain showers occur in the winter months, although it can also snow. Snowstorms, such as the last one in winter 2007, when the entire city and the surrounding desert was buried under an inch-thick layer of snow, are the exception. The population also prefers to spend the summer months in the surrounding villages because they have a milder climate due to their higher elevation. Empty streets during lunchtime are therefore part of everyday life in summer. In Kashan you can also find a lot of ice cream parlors that offer a refreshing dip with traditional ice cream.
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Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Kashan
Source: weather.ir
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Town twinning
sons and daughters of the town
- Jamschid Masʿud al-Kashi (around 1380–1429), mathematician and astronomer
- Kamal-ol-Molk (1847–1940), painter
- Sohrab Sepehri (1928–1980), Iranian poet and modern painter
- Nossrat Peseschkian (1933–2010), Iranian-German neurologist, psychiatrist and psychotherapist
- Javad Kazemian (born 1981), football player
- David Alliance (born 1932), British businessman and politician
- Ehsan Hajsafi (* 1990), football player
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated December 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Things to do in Kashan, the Ultimate Kashan Travel Guide | IranAmaze. Retrieved February 20, 2020 .
