Kerman (Iran)

Kerman
Look at Kerman
Kerman
Basic data
Country:	Iran
Province :	Kerman
Coordinates :	30 ° 17 ′  N , 57 ° 4 ′  E Coordinates: 30 ° 17 ′  N , 57 ° 4 ′  E
Height :	1755  m
Residents :	738,724 (2016 census)
Area code :	034
Time zone :	UTC +3: 30
Website:	www.kermancity.kr.ir

Kerman ( Persian کرمان Kermān ) is a city in the eponymous province of Kerman in Iran . Kerman is 1076 km from Tehran on a plain at 1755 m and is partially surrounded by mountains. The city had 738,724 inhabitants in 2016.

Culture and history

Kerman has a long history and was known to the Greeks as Karamani . Ptolemy and Ammianus Marcellinus mention the country under the name Carmania . The city may have been founded by the Sassanid king Ardashir I in the third century. At that time the city was called Ardashir-Choreh . The Arabs called the city Bardasir or Bardashir and the Persians also knew it by the name Guwashir .

Kerman has traditionally been a center for the production of Persian carpets . The most expensive Islamic work of art to date was a four-meter high Kerman rug from the 17th century at an auction at Christie's in London in 2010. The auction price was £ 5.5 million .

In the vicinity of the city are the important ruins of the city of Jiroft . A minority of Zoroastrians live in the city itself .

From 1048 to 1188, Kerman was the center of the Kerman-Seljuq empire , founded by Sultan Qawurd . His brother Alp Arslan ruled the kingdom of the Great Seljuks from Persia to Syria , Qawurd's great cousin Sulaiman founded the Sultanate of the Rum Seljuks in Anatolia. The Kerman Seljuks overthrew the (936-1048 ruling) sidelines of the Buyids of Kerman and also displaced the Ghaznavids from the region. Soon their empire extended across the Persian Gulf or the Arabian Sea to Oman on the opposite Arabian Peninsula (until around 1140). After that, Oghus military leaders took over power in Kerman before they too had to submit to the Khorezm Shahs in 1195 .

In the travelogue Il Milione by Marco Polo from the beginning of the 14th century, Kerman is described as Kierman .

Although a majority of the Muslim inhabitants had already professed the Ismaili Shia in the 11th century , the city was not conquered by the Safavids under Shah Ismail I until 1502 , who introduced the Twelve Shia as the sole state religion. The last of the Zand princes who ruled the country from 1750 resided in Kerman until 1794 . The city became known through the massacre of Aga Mohammed Chan after 1794, when he wrested the city from the Zand ruler Lotf Ali Khan . All of the male residents were killed or blinded for allegedly supporting Lotf Ali Khan and a pile of 20,000 eyeballs were erected in front of the victorious Aga Mohammed Khan. Surviving women and children were sold into slavery and the city was destroyed over ninety days.

In 1842 an uprising by the Ismaili Aga Khan I failed here .

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  A horse's head from the Sassanid era (4th century, found in Kerman, now in the Louvre , Paris)

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  Masjid Gate, historical gate in Kerman

Attractions

Muhammad Ismail Khan built a caravanserai, the Karawanserai-i-Wekil , for Wekil-al-Maelk (governor in Kerman in the mid-19th century) . Finely tiled walls and a main shopping street over half a kilometer long (the longest bazaar street in the Persian region) impress the viewer. The chimneys towering over the building are so-called wind towers , in the typical style of the Persian desert regions (Kerman, Yazd or Isfahan ). They have open passages with mobile blinds that can be aligned with the wind. Cooling air is directed to the rooms on the ground floor, which during the hottest months of the year are often sought out as refuge, even living rooms, because the temperatures are quickly between 20 and 30 ° lower than on the upper floors.

The entrance portal to the Theological Faculty ( Medresseh ) and the Ibrahim Khan's Hamam are also a special sight . Both portals were built at the beginning of the 19th century. Faience decorates in particularly cheerful colors: peacocks, waterfowl and flowers predominate, alongside text bands in Persian calligraphy. The interiors also hold what the portals already suggest. Wall paintings await in the hammam.

traffic

The city is on the Qom – Zahedan railway , the southern east-west rail link of Iran.

Climate table

Kerman
Climate diagram
J F. M. A. M. J J A. S. O N D.     30th   12 -3     26th   15th -1     34   19th 4th     19th   24 8th     12   30th 12     1.2   35 16     1.5   36 18th     0.5   34 15th     0.4   32 11     1.6   26th 6th     5.9   20th 0     22nd   15th -3 Temperature in ° C ,  precipitation in mm Source: weather.ir ; wetterkontor.de

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Kerman Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Max. Temperature ( ° C ) 12.1 14.8 18.7 24.3 29.9 34.9 35.7 34.3 31.5 26.0 19.6 14.5 O 24.7 Min. Temperature (° C) −3.0 −0.5 3.8 8.2 12.2 16.1 17.7 14.8 10.6 5.5 0.3 −2.6 O 7th Precipitation ( mm ) 29.9 26.0 34.0 18.9 11.5 1.2 1.5 0.5 0.4 1.6 5.9 21.5 Σ 152.9 Hours of sunshine ( h / d ) 6.2 6.8 6.8 7.4 9.3 10.7 10.6 10.5 10.2 8.8 8.0 6.5 O 8.5 Rainy days ( d ) 6.9 5.9 7.9 5.8 3.8 0.7 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.9 2.4 5.2 Σ 41.4 Humidity ( % ) 52 47 41 34 26th 18th 18th 19th 21st 27 36 45 O 31.9 Source: weather.ir ; wetterkontor.de

Colleges and universities

• Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman One of the most important technological institutes in Iran.
• Kerman University of Medical Sciences
• Islamic Azad University of Kerman
• Kerman Khaje-Nasir Higher Education Center

sons and daughters of the town

• Ahmad-Reza Ahmadi (* 1940), poet and children's book author
• Mohammad Jawad Bahonar (1933–1981), Iranian clergyman
• Arash Borhani (born 1983), Iranian soccer player
• Omid Pouryousefi (* 1972), German musician

See also

• List of major cities in Iran

Web links

Commons : Kerman  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Photos and descriptions of the sights of Kerman
• Photos and descriptions of the sights of Kerman and the surrounding area (Mahan, Arg-e Bam, Prinzengarten, Jupar)
• Iran Chamber Society's page on Kerman
• Photos of historic sites in Kerman
• Impressions from Kerman
• Edareh Kar Kerman
• Encyclopedia of the Orient

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Statistical Center of Iran: Population by age groups and sex and province, the 2016 Population and Housing Census. (xlsx) Retrieved July 21, 2017 (Excel file, can be downloaded from the website. (Excel; 21 KB)). 
2. ↑ Denis Wright Persia , Kerman - Karawanserai-i-Wekil , pp. 117–118, Atlantis Verlag Zurich and Freiburg i. B., 1970
3. ↑ Denis Wright Persia , Kerman - Theological Faculty of Ibrahim Khan , p. 118, Atlantis Verlag Zurich and Freiburg i. B., 1970