Qom
| Qom | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| Country: |
 Iran
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| Province : | Qom | ||
| Coordinates : | 34 ° 39 ′ N , 50 ° 53 ′ E | ||
| Height : | 928 m | ||
| Residents : | 1,292,283 (2016 census) | ||
| Area code : | 025 | ||
| Time zone : | UTC +3: 30 | ||
| Website: | www.qom.ir | ||
Qom (also Qum or Kum , formerly Com ; Persian قم, DMG Qom ) is the capital of the province of Qom in Iran . Qom has over 1,292,000 inhabitants and is one of the holy cities of the Shia .
location
Qom is located on the river of the same name, Qom , 132 km south of Tehran on the old route and new highway to Isfahan , 928 m above sea level.
Economy and Transport
Pottery, glass and cotton textiles are produced here; important agricultural goods from the area are grain, cotton, fruit, nuts and poppy seeds. There are natural gas and oil fields nearby .
The city has an important railway station that was built with the construction of the Trans-Iranian Railway . This developed through the construction of the Qom – Zahedan railway and the neighboring track triangle of Mohammadije, where the Tehran – Isfahan railway connects to the Qom – Zahedan line, into one of the country's most important railway nodes.
history
Settlements in the region date back to the 4th millennium BC. Occupied. The Persian city of Qom already existed in Sassanid times; Middle Persian documents hand down the name Gomān in the reign of the Iranian great king Shapur I (240–270 AD). Archaeological evidence of urban culture is also available from the Parthian Empire . Shirsad (Šērzād) is narrated as the satrap of the region during the fall of the Sassanids.
In the 10th century, the city, repopulated by Arabs from Kufa in 712 or 713, rose to become one of the most important centers of Shiite scholarship. In the year 817 Fatima al-Masuma , the sister of the eighth Imam , died here and was buried in a magnificent shrine (see under sights).
Education and Research
Universities
In addition to numerous teaching establishments, the city of Qom has two state universities (the University of Qom and the Islamic Theological University of Qom) and the non-governmental (free) Islamic Azad University of Qom.
The Qom Theological College was best known in Europe through Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini . The Imam Khomeini Institute ( also: Imam Khomeini Institute) has been named after him since the inauguration of a new building in 1995. It is the seat of the extremist Hojjatieh society. The Qom theology school, in which most of the Iranian preachers are trained, ranks second after Najaf among the Shiites . Its importance increased through the Islamic Revolution and Ruhollah Khomeini. The number of studying and teaching clergy rose to around 50,000 after 1979.
additional
The International Computer Research Center of Islamic Sciences has existed since 1990 .
Attractions
The shrine of Fatima Masuma , an important place of pilgrimage, dominates the cityscape with its golden dome.
Surroundings
In 1991 a missile test site was established near Qom at 34 ° 39 ′ 0 ″ N , 50 ° 54 ′ 0 ″ E. On September 25, 2009, it was announced that another facility of the Iranian nuclear program is located near Qom.
sons and daughters of the town
- Abu'l-Qasim Faizi (1906–1980), Baha'i and Hand of the Cause
- Mohammad Fazel Lankarani (1931-2007), Grand Ayatollah
- Mohammad Mirmohammadi (1948-2020), politician
- Sadegh Tabatabai (1943–2015), university professor and politician
- Mehdi Hairi Yazdi (1923–1999), philosopher
- Nasser Zahedi (* 1961), German doctor and author
Town twinning
Qom maintains a town partnership with:
See also
literature
- Carlos Widmann , photos: Georges Abbas: Ghom: The power of the pious. In: Geo-Magazin. Hamburg 1980,3, pp. 36-60. Informative experience report. ISSN 0342-8311
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Statistical Center of Iran: Population by age groups and sex and province, the 2016 Population and Housing Census. (xlsx) Retrieved July 21, 2017 (Excel file, can be downloaded from the website. (Excel; 21 KB)).
- ↑ http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/qom-i-history-safavid-period QOM i. History to the Safavid Period. The present town of Qom in Central Iran dates back to ancient times. Its pre-Islamic history can be partially documented. ( Encyclopædia Iranica )
- ↑ Michael Lüders: Die Zeit.de of September 16, 1994 Everything in Qom is religion
- ↑ Spiegel.de of March 10, 2003 Vacation on the axis of evil
- ↑ Qom in the Encyclopedia Astronautica (English)
- ↑ Die Zeit online from July 2, 2010 Iranian nuclear program: The bomb is near
- ↑ iaea.org (PDF; 65 kB)