Dark light clove capsule tensioner

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Dark light clove capsule tensioner
Perizoma affinitata, Rivulet, Bury Ditches, England, May 2014 (20921663998) .jpg

Dark light clove capsule spanner ( Perizoma affinitata )

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Spanner (Geometridae)
Subfamily : Larentiinae
Genre : Perizoma
Type : Dark light clove capsule tensioner
Scientific name
Perizoma affinitata
( Stephens , 1831)

The Dark campion capsule tensioner ( Perizoma affinitata ) is a butterfly ( moth ) from the family of the tensioner (Geometridae). The species name is derived from the Latin word affinitas with the meaning "relationship" and refers to the very similar species following in the system ( Perizoma alchemillata ).

features

butterfly

The moths reach a wingspan of 21 to 30 millimeters. The sexes do not differ in color, but the females are slightly larger than the males. The basic color of the forewing upper side is dark gray-brown. In the postdiscal region there is a whitish transverse band, which is divided by a dark transverse line and strongly wavy. The wavy line is clear at the front edge and runs towards the interior angle weakened and partially interrupted. The upper side of the hind wing is colored white-gray, darkened at the edge.

Caterpillar

Adult caterpillars are short and stocky, look glassy and have a yellow-white to light pink-yellow color and black stigmas . The head capsule, the neck plate divided by a light line and the anal plate are glossy black-brown.

Similar species

With a wingspan of 15 to 24 millimeters, the hollow-tooth capsule tensioner ( Perizoma alchemillata ) is smaller on average and also differs in its usually somewhat narrower whitish cross- band , which is more jagged than in Perizoma affimiata . Another distinguishing feature is the dark gray upper side of the hind wings in Perizoma alchemillata .

Distribution and occurrence

Flower and capsule of the red carnation, the food of the caterpillars

The distribution area of ​​the dark light carnation capsule wrench extends through Europe to the middle of Russia . The species is absent in the south of the Iberian Peninsula , Italy , Greece and Iceland . It prefers to colonize alluvial forests, edges of forests and roads, mountain meadows, damp slopes, shady stream valleys and riverside areas and rises up to 2000 meters in the Alps .

Way of life

The dark light carnation capsule wrench forms in most areas only one generation a year, the moths fly from April to July. Occasionally, specimens were found in August and September that may have come from a second generation. The moths are crepuscular and nocturnal and visit artificial light sources . The food plant of the caterpillars is the red carnation ( Silene dioica ). In the case of breeding, other species of glue herbs are also accepted ( Silene ). The caterpillars live in the seed pods throughout their development. Capsules that have already been left fall out through holes on the sides. The capsules, which are still occupied late in the year, can easily be recognized by the fact that they are still completely filled with seeds, as the caterpillars prevent them from being scattered with a loose web. The species overwinters as a pupa in a loose web on the ground and occasionally hangs over twice.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Arnold Spuler : The butterflies of Europe , Volume 2, E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, 1910, p. 61
  2. ↑ Axel Hausmann (Ed.), Vladimir Mironov: The Geometrid Moths of Europe 4. Larentiinae 2. , Apollo Books, Stenstrup (Denmark) 2004, ISBN 87-88757-40-4 , pp. 28-30
  3. ^ A b Walter Forster & Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe, Volume 5, Spanner. (Geometridae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-440-04951-5 , p. 131
  4. ^ A b Günter Ebert, Daniel Bartsch, Armin Becher, Stefan Hafner: The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 9: Spanner (Geometridae). Part 2: Nachtfalter VII. Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-8001-3279-6 , pp. 31-34
  5. ↑ Manfred Koch , Wolfgang Heinicke, Bernd Müller: We determine butterflies. Volume 4: Spanner. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. Neumann, Leipzig / Radebeul 1976, DNB 780451570 , p. 146/147

literature

  • Axel Hausmann (Ed.), Vladimir Mironov: The Geometrid Moths of Europe 4. Larentiinae 2. , Apollo Books, Stenstrup (Denmark) 2004, ISBN 87-88757-40-4
  • Günter Ebert, Daniel Bartsch, Armin Becher, Stefan Hafner: The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 9: Spanner (Geometridae). Part 2: Nachtfalter VII. Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-8001-3279-6 .
  • Arno Bergmann: The large butterflies of Central Germany. Volume 5/1: Spanner. Distribution, forms and communities. Urania-Verlag, Jena 1955, DNB 450378403 .

Web links

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