Duodji

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sami basket
Sami knives

Duodji is the traditional handicraft and handicraft of the Sami people (own name: Sámi ). It includes the manufacture of clothing, kitchen utensils, tools and decorative items. It is characteristic of the craft that natural materials such as wood , horn and leather are used.

Craft

For a long time, an important basis was that only items were produced that were needed, as there was no room for unnecessary things when moving around with the reindeer herds. The raw materials used for production are taken from nature. For example, birch bark, reindeer antlers, leather and animal tendons are used. An example of a Duodji product is the Sami drinking vessel guksi .

A distinction is made between so-called soft and hard duodji, whereby the soft craft includes textile and leather work and is traditionally carried out by women. In contrast, hard duodji is performed by men. This includes wood, metal and stone work. This gender segregation is now on the decline.

term

The term Duodji is North and Lule , in the south Sami 's the word Duedtie . In Swedish and Norwegian, instead of Duodji, "samisk slöjd" or "samesløyd" ( German : Sami handicraft ) is used. The Sami use the term Duodji even if they do not speak Sami, as the word is difficult for them to translate in its entirety. The job title is Duojár , Duodjár or Vytnesjæjja .

In the 1950s, the products began to be sold increasingly to tourists. Due to the high demand, people without a Sami background began to make Duodji-like items. That is why there has been a guarantee seal in Norway since the 1980s, the so-called Sámi Duodji-merket , which guarantees that a product has been produced according to traditional Sami handicraft rules . In 2000, Sami protested the Varanger Samiske Museum's decision to allow non-Sami to participate in a Duodji competition. It has been criticized for promoting conditions like in Finland , where there was no protection at the time and products inspired by Duodji were mass-produced for tourists.

education

In the past, learning the trade was an integral part of the upbringing of Sami children. Today the job description of the Duojár is an apprenticeship that can be learned in Norway at the Sami university in Kautokeino , where a master’s program is offered. In Sweden, the Samernas Utbildningscentrum offers training in Duodji.

Organizations

In 1979, the Duodji organization Sámiid Duodji was established in Norway . The organization stands up for the mediation of the handicraft as well as for the interests of the Duojár. In 1993 the organization Sámi Duodji was founded in Sweden , which, among other things, advocates the preservation of Sami handicrafts.

Web links

Commons : Duodji  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Genuine Lappish, Sami handicraft Sámi Duodji. Risfjells Sameslöjd, accessed on May 14, 2020 .
  2. a b Tradition och nytänkande. In: samer.se. Retrieved May 14, 2020 (Swedish).
  3. a b c d duodji . In: Store norske leksikon . January 21, 2020 ( snl.no [accessed May 14, 2020]).
  4. a b c Duodji og dáidda. In: Reaidu. University of Tromsø, accessed on May 14, 2020 (Bokmål in Norwegian).
  5. a b c Finnmark Dagblad (Ed.): Duodji - samisk håndverk . Hammerfest December 31, 1984, p. 14 (Norwegian, nb.no ).
  6. Samerådet fornyer Sámi Duodji-merket. Bodøposten, May 14, 2018, accessed May 14, 2020 (Norwegian).
  7. Lotte H. Ruge: Ikke-samer lager ikke duodji . Ed .: Finnmarken. Vadsø July 6, 2000 (Norwegian, nb.no ).
  8. Master program i duodji. Samisk Høyskole, April 1, 2020, accessed May 14, 2020 (Bokmål in Norwegian).
  9. Gesäll- och mästarbrev i duodji. Samernas Utbildningscentrum, accessed on May 14, 2020 (Swedish).
  10. organiza Jonen Sámiid Duodji. In: Finnmarksarkivene. Retrieved May 14, 2020 (Bokmål in Norwegian).
  11. The Sami handicraft organization, Sámi Duodji - AIDA-project - Arctic Indigenous Design Archives. In: arkisto.fi. Arctic Indigenous Design Archives, accessed on May 14, 2020 .
  12. Om oss. Sámi Duodji Sameslöjdstiftelsen, accessed on May 14, 2020 (Swedish).