Dyngjufjöll

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Dyngjufjöll
Dyngjufjöll with Öskjuvatn and Víti explosion crater

Dyngjufjöll with Öskjuvatn and Víti explosion crater

height 1510  m
location Iceland
Coordinates 65 ° 1 ′ 48 ″  N , 16 ° 45 ′ 0 ″  W Coordinates: 65 ° 1 ′ 48 ″  N , 16 ° 45 ′ 0 ″  W
Dyngjufjöll (Iceland)
Dyngjufjöll
Type Central volcano with its own column system
rock Basalt and rhyolite
Last eruption 1961 (active)
Calder lake Öskjuvatn

Calder lake Öskjuvatn

Template: Infobox Berg / Maintenance / BILD1

The Dyngjufjöll is a volcanic mountain massif in the northeast of Iceland . It belongs to the Askja volcanic system or the volcanic system is sometimes also called Dyngjufjöll and is part of the Vatnajökull National Park . The Askja caldera also lies in it .

location

The huge mountain range is located in the highlands of Iceland , more precisely in Ódáðahraun and covers about 600 km². It forms almost a perfect square with a side length of about 24 km.

The Vatnajökull with its glacier Dyngjujökull located 15 km south of the mountains.

On the west side, the Dyngjudalur valley cuts into the mountains, so that one speaks of the Vestari-Dyngjufjöll here . These also include the central volcano of the Askja volcanic system .

geography

Many peaks of Dyngjufjöll reach between 1,300 and 1,500 m and thus rise above the bottom of the Askja caldera by around 100 - 300 m.

The highest peak is the Þorvaldstindur with a height of 1,510 m. It is named after an Icelandic geologist, Þorvaldur Thoroddsen .

This is the central volcano of a 150 km long crevice system, which is also called Askja after its main caldera .

The mountains consist mostly of palagonite . They seem the remains of a large stratovolcano to be from the Ice Age. But since then the volcano has continued to work steadily, so that thick layers of lava and ash cover the palagonite in most places.

One of the passes between the peaks, Jónsskarð , is named after an Icelandic geologist, namely Jón Þorkelsson , who was the first to describe the Askja volcano. He examined it after the great eruption of 1875. The deepest pass between these mountains, which also make up the edge of the Askja caldera, is the Öskjuop .

Here the caldera (German for “Askja”) opens to the east and a hiking trail leads through it to Lake Öskjuvatn . Two German researchers, Max Rudloff and Walter von Knebel , who disappeared in the area around this time, probably drowned in this in 1907 . Knebel's fiancée, Ina von Grumbkow , set up a futile search expedition in which she also took part.

Drekagil canyon

Also to the east of it is a ravine called Drachenschlucht (Isl. Drekagil ). There is a Dreki hut belonging to the Akureyri Hiking Club. This hiking club also runs the Dyngjufjöll hut, which is located north-north-west of the Askja.

See also

Web links

Commons : Askja  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Scientific contributions

Other

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Íslandshandbókin. Náttúra, saga og sérkenni 2.bindi. Edited by T. Einarsson, H. Magnússon. 1989, p. 915.
  2. ↑ Ari Trausti Guðmundsson: Living Earth. Facets of the geology of Iceland. Reykjavík 2007, p. 198.
  3. ↑ cf. z. B. http://isafold.de/klassiker/grumbkow/default.htm , accessed on October 25, 2010
  4. ^ Page of the Akureyri hiking club (Ferðafélag Akureyrar). Retrieved January 7, 2016 .