Echium humile

Echium humile
	Echium humile
Systematics
	Nuclear eudicotyledons
	Asterids
	Euasterids I
Family :	Boraginaceae (Boraginaceae)
Genre :	Adderheads ( Echium )
Type :	Echium humile
Scientific name
	Echium humile
	Desf.

Echium humile is a plant type from the type of snake heads ( echium ) in the family of the Boraginaceae (Boraginaceae).

description

Echium humile is a stiff-haired, upright growing, persistent plant , rarely woody at the base, which forms several flower-bearing stems and is 10 to 25 (up to 35) cm high. Stems, leaves and especially the calyx are densely covered with two- shaped hairs made up of protruding white bristles that are thickened at the base and - depending on the subspecies - short hairs attached to them. The leaves are 20 to 40 mm long and 1.5 to 3 mm wide. Their shape is linear-oblong to very narrow, obverse-lanceolate.

The zymous inflorescence is spike-like, almost cylindrical and mostly dense, with many short wraps during the flowering period, which lengthen to 3.5 cm (less often up to 7 cm) during the fruiting period. The calyx is 5 to 8 (up to 9) mm long during the flowering period and only enlarges slightly during the fruiting period. The crown is (8 to) 10 to 15 (to 16) mm long, slightly funnel-shaped and bluish-purple with a whitish tube. It is covered with short hair, only on the veins there is some long hair. Five (less often four) stamens protrude more or less from the crown. The clauses are 1.5 to 2 (to 2.4) mm long and (1 to) 1.2 to 1.4 mm wide and have four keels.

The flowering period extends from March to June.

Occurrence

Echium humile occurs in Europe only in south-east Spain , in North Africa in Morocco , Algeria , Tunisia and Libya .

This adder head colonizes garigues, stone deserts and roadsides on soils rich in bases on marl, gypsum and limestone.

Systematics

Echium humile was first described by René Desfontaines in 1798 . It is divided into four subspecies:

Echium humile subsp. caespitosum (Maire) Greuter & Burdet : The bottom of the plant is lignified and turf-shaped. The lower leaves have two-fold hair, the upper one single-haired. It occurs only in Morocco in the High Atlas, Anti-Atlas and in the Saharan part of the country.
Echium humile Desf. subsp. humile : The plant is persistent, but neither lignified nor turf-shaped at the base and without sterile rosettes. The leaves all have a coarse hair with bristle hairs on the main veins and on the edge, sometimes with short hairs on the surface. This subspecies occurs from Morocco to Libya.
Echium humile subsp. nanum (Coincy) Greuter & Burdet : The base of the plant is lignified and turf-shaped, with sterile rosettes. The hair is like in subsp. humile . This subspecies is endemic to the High Atlas Mountains of Morocco.
Echium humile subsp. pycnanthum (Pomel) Greuter & Burdet : The plant is not grass-shaped. The leaves all have a bipolar, mixed, pressed hair with bristle hair and short hair. This subspecies is the only one found in Spain and from Morocco to Tunisia. The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.

swell

literature

PE Gibbs: Echium . In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 3: Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1972, ISBN 0-521-08489-X , pp. 98 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c Mohamed Fennane, Mohammed Ibn Tattou, Aïcha Ouyahya, Jalal El Oualidi (eds.): Flore Pratique du Maroc. Manuel de détermination des plantes vasculaires. Volume 2: Angiospermae (Leguminosae – Lentibulariaceae). In: Travaux de l'Institut Scientifique, Série Botanique. ISSN 1114-1174 , Volume 38, 2007, Rabat, ISBN 9954-8347-4-5 , pp. 401-402.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Benito Valdés: Echium L. In: Santiago Castroviejo, C. Andrés, M. Arista, MP Fernández Piedra, MJ Gallego, PL Ortiz, C. Romero Zarco, FJ Salgueiro, S. Silvestre, Alejandro Quintanar (Ed.): Flora Ibérica. Plantas Vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. Vol. XI. Gentianaceae - Boraginaceae . Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid 2012, ISBN 978-84-00-09415-7 , p. 425 ( floraiberica.es [PDF]).
^ PE Gibbs: Taxonomic studies on the genus Echium. 1. An outline revision of the Spanish species. In: Lagascalia. Volume 1, pp. 27-82 ( Echium humile on pp. 35-39), PDF .
↑ ^a ^b Werner Greuter , Hervé-Maurice Burdet , Guy Long (eds.): Med Checklist. A critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum-Mediterranean countries . Vol. 1: Pteridophyta (ed. 2), Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones (Acanthaceae - Cneoraceae) . Conservatoire et Jardin Botanique, Genève 1984, ISBN 2-8277-0151-0 . , online .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Benito Valdés: Boraginaceae. Echium humile. In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011, accessed on December 26, 2012.
↑ René Desfontaines: Flora Atlantica, sive, Historia plantarum quae in Atlante, agro Tunetano et Algeriensi crescunt. Volume 1., Blanchon, Paris, p. 165, digitized .
^ René Maire: Contributions a l'étude de la flore de l'Afrique du Nord. Fascicule 15. In: Mémoires de la Société des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc. Volume 21, 1929, pp. 1-19 (here: p. 11, PDF ).

Web links

[FlMaroc-1] Mohamed Fennane, Mohammed Ibn Tattou, Aïcha Ouyahya, Jalal El Oualidi (eds.): Flore Pratique du Maroc. Manuel de détermination des plantes vasculaires. Volume 2: Angiospermae (Leguminosae – Lentibulariaceae). In: Travaux de l'Institut Scientifique, Série Botanique. ISSN 1114-1174 , Volume 38, 2007, Rabat, ISBN 9954-8347-4-5 , pp. 401-402.

[FlIb-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Benito Valdés: Echium L. In: Santiago Castroviejo, C. Andrés, M. Arista, MP Fernández Piedra, MJ Gallego, PL Ortiz, C. Romero Zarco, FJ Salgueiro, S. Silvestre, Alejandro Quintanar (Ed.): Flora Ibérica. Plantas Vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. Vol. XI. Gentianaceae - Boraginaceae . Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC, Madrid 2012, ISBN 978-84-00-09415-7 , p. 425 ( floraiberica.es [PDF]).

[Lag-3] PE Gibbs: Taxonomic studies on the genus Echium. 1. An outline revision of the Spanish species. In: Lagascalia. Volume 1, pp. 27-82 ( Echium humile on pp. 35-39), PDF .

[MedChecklist-4] Werner Greuter , Hervé-Maurice Burdet , Guy Long (eds.): Med Checklist. A critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum-Mediterranean countries . Vol. 1: Pteridophyta (ed. 2), Gymnospermae, Dicotyledones (Acanthaceae - Cneoraceae) . Conservatoire et Jardin Botanique, Genève 1984, ISBN 2-8277-0151-0 . , online .

[Euro+Med-5] Benito Valdés: Boraginaceae. Echium humile. In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin 2011, accessed on December 26, 2012.

[FloraAtlantica-6] René Desfontaines: Flora Atlantica, sive, Historia plantarum quae in Atlante, agro Tunetano et Algeriensi crescunt. Volume 1., Blanchon, Paris, p. 165, digitized .

[Maire-7] René Maire: Contributions a l'étude de la flore de l'Afrique du Nord. Fascicule 15. In: Mémoires de la Société des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc. Volume 21, 1929, pp. 1-19 (here: p. 11, PDF ).