Edward Weston (chemist)

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Edward Weston (chemist)

Edward Weston (born May 9, 1850 in Oswestry , England, † August 20, 1936 in Montclair , New Jersey, USA) was a chemist who excelled in electroplating and invented the Weston normal element , among other things .

Life

His parents were Edward Weston and Margaret, née Jones. While studying medicine, he developed an interest in chemistry. After earning his medical degree in 1870, he emigrated to the United States, where he found a job in the electroplating industry.

In 1871 he married Wilhelmina Seidel from Blankenheim (Mansfeld-Südharz district) , with whom he had two children (Edward Faraday Weston).

In 1876 he was granted a patent for a DC generator and the following year he founded the Weston Dynamo Electric Machine Company in New Jersey , the first company in the United States to exclusively manufacture such devices. To expand the business, he then developed dynamos for carbon arc lights . The company was renamed Weston Electric Light Company and received the order to illuminate the Brooklyn Bridge . Around this time, independently of Thomas Alva Edison, he developed an incandescent lamp with a carbon filament that could be used continuously .

He mixed the resistance alloys constantan and manganin , developed measuring instruments and founded Weston Electrical Instrument Corporation in 1888 .

He devised a method for producing real permanent magnets and developed a magnetic tachometer .

  • In 1888 he improved the design of the galvanometer and patented the moving- coil measuring mechanism for measuring electrical currents, which is still common today .
  • In 1893 he was granted a patent for his invention, which became known as the Weston Normal Element . This was used to calibrate voltage measuring devices and was established as a standard element in Germany in 1905 and internationally in 1908 , i.e. H. intended as a reference voltage source for the practical determination of a volt . In 1884 Weston had already received a patent for a hermetically sealed variant of the Clark normal element .
  • In 1923 he became a US citizen.
  • In 1932 he was awarded the IEEE Lamme Medal .

He held a total of 309 US patents.

literature

Web links

Commons : Edward Weston (chemist)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Patent US381304 : Electrical coil and conductor. Published April 17, 1888 , inventor: Edward Weston. ‌
  2. ↑ Patent US494827 : Voltaic cell. Registered November 24, 1891 , published April 4, 1893 , inventor: Edward Weston. ‌
  3. ^ Edward Weston (1850-1936) . Corrosion Doctors
  4. ↑ W. Jäger: Apparatus and measuring methods for electricity and magnetism (= H. Geiger, Karl Scheel [Hrsg.]: Handbuch der Physik . No. 16 ). Julius Springer, Berlin 1927, Chapter 1: The electrical measurement systems and standards, p. 20–22 ( limited preview in Google Book Search [accessed October 22, 2016]).
  5. ↑ Patent US310004 : Galvanic Battery. Registered on May 17, 1884 , published December 30, 1884 , inventor: Edward Weston (It is proposed to use a glass vessel with a ground joint stopper for the cell, which is sealed in a box, e.g. made of wood, with paraffin. ). ‌
personal data
SURNAME Weston, Edward
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American inventor and entrepreneur
DATE OF BIRTH May 9, 1850
PLACE OF BIRTH Oswestry , England
DATE OF DEATH August 20, 1936
Place of death Montclair , New Jersey, USA