Elasipodida

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Elasipodida
The pelagic sea cucumber Enypniastes sp. in the Gulf of Mexico

The pelagic sea ​​cucumber Enypniastes sp. in the Gulf of Mexico

Systematics
Trunk : Echinoderms (Echinodermata)
Sub-stem : Eleutherozoa (Eleutherozoa)
Class : Sea cucumber (Holothuroidea)
Subclass : Aspidochirotacea
Order : Elasipodida
Scientific name
Elasipodida
Théel , 1882
Elpidia glacialis lives in the North Atlantic at a depth of 60 to 70 meters, in the Pacific up to a depth of 8,900 meters.

The Elasipodida are an order of sea ​​cucumbers . The animals live worldwide in all oceans, sometimes in relatively shallow water, from a depth of 60 meters, but especially in the deep sea , also in deep-sea trenches down to a depth of 10,000 meters.

features

The body of the Elasipodida is very different from that of other sea cucumbers. Mostly it is flattened, the mouth with its tentacles is on the underside. The 10 to 20 mouth tentacles have finger-shaped appendages or are shield-shaped. Ambulacral feet are absent or only present in small numbers on the sides of the creep sole or in the middle of the underside. The end disks of the ambulacral feet are almost always missing. There are no water lungs , the rectum has a blind tube that is directed forward.

Pelagic forms often resemble jellyfish, have a skin seam along the longitudinal axis of the body or a collar-like seam on the front body that allows them to swim through undulating movements. The animals are usually reddish or purple in color. The species in the Pelagothuriidae family do not have sclerites , their skin is watery and gelatinous.

The Elasipodida probably feed mainly on the soil substrate, and in the stomach of pelagic species, in addition to plankton, soil-dwelling foraminifera were found .

Systematics

The order was set up in 1882 by the Swedish zoologist Johan Hjalmar Théel on the basis of evidence from the Challenger expedition from 1872–1876. There are five families, 24 genera, and 141 species in the order.

literature

  • Volker Storch, Ulrich Welsch: Systematic Zoology . G. Fischer, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-437-25160-0
  • Horst Füller u. a .: Urania animal kingdom, invertebrates 2nd 2nd edition. Urania-Verlag, Leipzig 2000, ISBN 3-332-01175-8

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ H. Theel: Report on the Holothurioidea dredged by HMS 'Challenger' during the years 1873-76. Part I . In: Report on the Scientific Results of the Exploring Voyage of HMS Challenger 1873–76 , Zoology Vol. IV, III, pp. 1–176, 1882. (digitized version )
  2. ↑ Kerr, Alexander M. 2000. Holothuroidea. Sea cucumbers. Version 01 December 2000. in The Tree of Life Web Project

Web links

Commons : Elasipodida  - collection of images, videos and audio files