Emilio Gentile
Emilio Gentile (spelling also Emile ; * 1946 in Bojano (province of Campobasso)) is an Italian historian and pioneer of fascism research .
Life
Gentile is a professor at La Sapienza University in Rome. As a researcher of fascism, he coined the term Palingenese , which describes fascism in its ideological form as a political religion . For his empirical-historical research on religioni della politica in the 20th century, he received the Hans Sigrist Prize of the University of Bern in 2003 .
He is u. a. Member of the scientific advisory board of the journal Totalitarismus und Demokratie .
Fascism as a Political Religion
Gentile defines fascism in a double arrangement as a " political religion " and as a subgroup of totalitarianism . Afterwards, according to Sven Reichardt about the understanding of Gentile, “the fascists created a belief in the nation, the Duce and the party, whereby this political religion became the basis of the fascist culture. From his point of view, it was a military and revolutionary totalitarianism that represented the myths and values of a palingenetic ideology and adopted the sacralized forms of a political religion in order to create a new man. Italian fascism was the first to bring this totalitarianism into the world, whereby state and party merged. "
Gentiles definition of fascism
In the 1990s, Gentile developed a ten-point definition of fascism, which assigned its defining characteristics to an organizational , a cultural and an institutional dimension :
“The definition that I propose is based on three interrelated dimensions: the organizational one, which concerns the social composition, structure, lifestyle and methods of struggle of the party, the cultural one, which concerns the conception of mankind and the ideas of crowd and politics, and finally the institutional dimension, which means the complex of structures and relationships from which the fascist regime emerges. "
Gentile's definition is presented in detail under the term theories of fascism .
Works
-
Il culto del littorio. La sacralizzazione della politica nell'Italia fascista . Laterza, Rome-Bari 1993
- English translation: The Sacralization of Politics in Fascist Italy , 1996, Harvard University Press, hup.harvard.edu
- German translation: The sacralization of politics . In: Hans Maier (Ed.): Ways in the violence. The modern political religions. Frankfurt / Main 2000
-
Le religioni della politica. Fra democrazie e totalitarismi . Laterza, Rome 2001, excerpt from the book (German) (English edition 2004).
- English translation: Politics as Religion , University Presses of CA (July 3, 2006)
- La democrazia di Dio. La religione americana nell'era dell'impero e del terrore . 2nd edition 2006, short description (it.)
- Il fascismo in tre capitoli . 2nd edition 2006
- Fascismo. Storia e interpretations . Rome / Bari 2002, 3rd edition 2007
- La Grande Italia. Il mito della nazione nel XX secolo . 2006
- Il mito dello Stato nuovo. Dal radicalismo nazionale al fascismo . 2002
- Le origini dell'Italia contemporanea. L'età giolittiana . 2003
- Renzo De Felice. Lo storico e il personaggio . 2003
- Storia del partito fascista 1919-1922. Movimento e milizia . 1989
- Il fascino del persecutore. George Mosse ei totalitarismi . Carocci 2007
- L'apocalisse della modernità: la guerra per l'uomo nuovo , Mondadori 2010
Essays
- Fascism. A definition for orientation . Translated from the English by Joachim Kalka. In: Mittelweg 36 , no. 1, March 2007
literature
- Roger Eatwell (2003): Reflections on Fascism and Religion. In: Totalitarian Movements and Politics Religions .
- Roger Griffin: The Primacy of Culture: The Current Growth (Or Manufacture) of Consensus within Fascist Studies. In: Journal of Contemporary History , Vol. 37, No. 1 (01/2002)
- Marina Cattaruzza: Speech in honor of Emilio Gentile on the occasion of his receiving the 2003 Sigrist prize. In: Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions . Vol. 5, No. 1. 2004
- Consideration-Knowledge-Ethics ( Issue 4/2004 )
Web links
- Interviews with Emilio Gentile at Radio Radicale
References and comments
- ↑ dsp.uniroma1.it ( Memento from September 25, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) La Sapienza, Dipartimento di Studi Politici
- ^ Conference report: The political religions as a category of modern history
- ↑ Sven Reichardt: New ways of comparative research on fascism . Mittelweg 36 1/2007.
- ^ Emilio Gentile: Fascism: A Definition for Orientation . ( Memento of March 4, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) In: Mittelweg 36, 2007, no. 1
- ↑ Gentile also wrote the foreword to Mosses Di fronte alla storia ei totalitarismi , Carocci, Roma 2007.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Gentile, Emilio |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Gentile, Emile |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian historian and researcher of fascism |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1946 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Bojano (Province of Campobasso) |