Angel de Ruyter

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Engel Michielszoon de Ruyter (born May 2, 1649 in Vlissingen , † February 27, 1683 in Amsterdam ) was a Dutch vice admiral and baron .

Childhood and youth

Engel de Ruyter came from the marriage of the Dutch admiral Michiel de Ruyter and his second wife Kornelia "Neeltje" Engels, who died one year after the birth. The admiral's third wife, Anna van Gelder, assumed the role of mother from 1652.

In 1664 Engel de Ruyter's father took the fifteen year old on a sea voyage for the first time. The journey took him on the flagship De Spiegel to Algiers and Spain, where the North African capers were to be contained. From October 1664 to August 1665 he accompanied his father to West Africa, the Gulf of Guinea and the Caribbean, where his fleet of twelve warships and a tender was supposed to defend the Dutch commercial interests against the English. He was given command of a company of soldiers.

Career in the Dutch Navy

In 1666 de Ruyter was promoted to midshipman and took part in the naval battle at North Foreland in August . In June 1667 he was Luitenant-Commandeur under Willem van der Zaen on the Hollandia during the attack in the Medway .

In the spring of 1668 he was promoted from the Amsterdam Admiralty to extraordinary captain on the Wapen van Leyden , with which he was sent to England on a diplomatic mission. For participating in an operation against Algiers, he was awarded a gold chain with a commemorative penny. He became a proper captain in 1671 on the Stadt en Lande , later on the Osterwyk and in 1672 on the Deventer , with which he took part in the sea battle in the Solebay. He sailed with the fire and suffered a chest wound from a large splinter, after which he could barely speak for 2-3 days.

The year 1672 is considered Rampjaar (disaster year) in Dutch history ; England, France and the dioceses of Cologne and Munster marched into the southern and eastern parts of the country. During this time, De Ruyter led a unit of sailors in the service of the army as a major.

In 1673 he was captain of the Waasdorp , with which he fought in the naval battles of the Third Anglo-Dutch War , and in October was appointed Schout-bij-Nacht von Amsterdam (the lowest of the three admiral ranks in use in the Netherlands at the time). In 1675 he led merchant ships from the Mediterranean to the Netherlands and in 1676 fought on the side of the Danes against the Swedes in the Northern War .

In 1678 he took part in battles against France under Cornelis Evertsen and became Vice Admiral of Holland and West Friesland.

Private life

After Engel's father Michiel de Ruyter was raised to the nobility for his services, Junker Engel inherited his title after his death. He refused the title of duke, but used that of baron.

From 1679 Engel de Ruyter no longer went to sea. In 1680 he bought a country estate in Breukelen , which he called De Ruytervegt (today: Boom en Bosch ). In 1681 he commissioned the Amsterdam preacher and writer Gerard Brandt with a biography of his father Michiel de Ruyter, which was published in 1687.

Engel de Ruyter died unmarried and childless in 1683 at the age of 33, possibly as a result of his wounding.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ PC Molhuysen en PJ Blok (ed.), Nieuw Nederlandsch biografisch woordenboek. Deel 5th AW Sijthoff, Leiden 1921. http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/molh003nieu05_01/molh003nieu05_01_0858.php (July 26, 2015)
  2. ^ PC Molhuysen en PJ Blok (ed.), Nieuw Nederlandsch biografisch woordenboek. Deel 5th AW Sijthoff, Leiden 1921. http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/molh003nieu05_01/molh003nieu05_01_0858.php (July 26, 2015)
  3. ↑ Pemsel, Helmut: Biographical Lexicon for Naval War History. Koblenz 1985. pp. 320-330.
  4. ^ PC Molhuysen en PJ Blok (ed.), Nieuw Nederlandsch biografisch woordenboek. Deel 5th AW Sijthoff, Leiden 1921. http://www.dbnl.org/tekst/molh003nieu05_01/molh003nieu05_01_0858.php (July 26, 2015)
  5. ↑ De buitenplaats Boom en Bosch in Breukelen. http://www.kasteleninutrecht.eu/Bimmernbosch.htm (July 25, 2015)
  6. ↑ Gerard Brandt: Het leven van Michiel de Ruyter. Gekozen, hertaald en ingeleid door Vibeke Roeper en Remmelt Daalder. Amsterdam 2007. pp. 11-15.
personal data
SURNAME Ruyter, Engel de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ruyter, Engel Michielszoon de (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Dutch vice admiral and baron
DATE OF BIRTH May 2, 1649
PLACE OF BIRTH Vlissingen
DATE OF DEATH February 27, 1683
Place of death Amsterdam