Euphorbia candelabrum
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Euphorbia candelabrum is a species of the genus spurge ( Euphorbia ) in the family of Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbiaceae).
description
The succulent Euphorbia candelabrum forms trees with a large crown up to about 12 meters high, which have dense branching. The branches, usually equipped with four sharp edges, are 5 to 10 centimeters thick and are divided into 15 to 25 centimeters long sections by constrictions. On the edges there are flat teeth at a distance of up to 1.5 centimeters from one another. The corking thorn shields are up to 8 millimeters long and 7 millimeters wide. Strong thorns up to 5 millimeters in length and soft stipple spines up to 1.5 millimeters in length are formed. The leaves on older shoots are up to 5 millimeters long and wide. On the new shoots they are wrongly lanceolate and up to 7 centimeters long and 1.5 centimeters wide.
blossoms
unripe fruits
The inflorescence consists of one to six individual cymes on stems 5 to 20 millimeters long. The cyathia reach 9 millimeters in diameter. The elliptical nectar glands are colored yellow and do not quite meet each other. The almost spherical fruit forms three compartments and is about 8 millimeters long and 12 millimeters wide. It is succulent and later with a reddish tinge. As it ripens, the fruit hardens, becomes approximately bluntly lobed and is then about 6 millimeters long and 9 millimeters wide. It stands on a strong handle up to 5 millimeters long. The almost spherical seed is 3 millimeters in size and has a smooth surface.
Distribution and systematics
Euphorbia candelabrum is common in the east and northeast of Africa .
The first description of the species was in 1857 by Theodor Kotschy .
A distinction is made between the following varieties:
- Euphorbia candelabrum var. Bilocularis (NEBr.) S. Carter (1987); Distribution: in East Africa on stony slopes with grass vegetation and individual trees; In contrast to the parent species, two fans are formed in the ovary and in the fruit. Synonyms for this variety are Euphorbia bilocularis N.E.Br. (1912) and Euphorbia reinhardtii var. Bilocularis (NEBr.) Oudejans (1990).
- Euphorbia candelabrum var. Candelabrum ; Distribution: starting from South Sudan and Ethiopia towards the south in East Africa on stony slopes and in the lowlands with water-permeable soils with grass vegetation and individual trees at altitudes of 900 to 2000 meters. Synonyms for this variety are Euphorbia confertiflora Volkens (1899), Euphorbia reinhardtii Volkens (1899), Euphorbia calycina N.E.Br. (1912), Euphorbia murielii N.E.Br. (1912) and Euphorbia tozzii Chiov. (1932).
swell
- Urs Eggli (ed.): Succulent lexicon. Dicotyledons (dicotyledons) . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2002, ISBN 3-8001-3915-4 , pp. 126-127 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Announcements from the Imperial and Royal Geographical Society in Vienna, Volume 1, p. 169, Vienna 1857 ( online )
