Management organization

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The management organization is defined as the structure of an organization and as an activity. With regard to the system interpretation, it relates to the design and classification of all organizational units in an organization. The term management organization is to be seen further than the term organizational structure , because it also includes instances of the central organization (e.g. supervisory board, general meeting, works council). The executive organization with its positions and executive personnel is not part of the management organization. The scientific examination of the management organization has a long tradition. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, a wave of reorganization in German companies that followed models from US organizational practice with a time lag gave a special impetus for intensive engagement with alternative structural forms .

The management organization exists as a management, division and group organization not only in companies, but also in other organizations such as B. the armed forces , hospitals, schools and authorities . For example, the Bundeswehr is led by the Federal Minister of Defense . The minister, the state secretaries and the inspector general form the management organization, while the military and civil areas subordinate to the ministry are led by department heads to whom group leaders report.

Corporate governance

The term corporate governance is closely related to the management organization, because it describes the regulatory framework (e.g. rules, values, principles) for the management and supervision of an organization. The object of the management organization can be outlined with the organization of the company management and its relationships to other organs of an organization (top organization), as well as the areas downstream from top management. The problem complex deals with the best possible distribution of rights of disposal for successful corporate management. A distinction must be made between:

• The internal view of corporate governance, which deals with roles, competencies and modes of operation as well as the interaction of the bodies, e. B. Management board , supervisory board and general meeting of a stock corporation .

• The external view of corporate governance with the relationships between management and the various interest groups ( stakeholders ), with the shareholders being particularly important.

Corporate governance regulations basically have the task of restricting the actors' leeway and motivations for opportunistic behavior through appropriate legal and factual arrangements of rights of disposal and incentive systems. Otherwise, these actors could try to exploit the incompleteness of contracts to their benefit and to the detriment of the organization. The aim of the whole is to create the most favorable conditions possible for productive value creation and fair value distribution.

Company management and areas

The company management is the highest management instance of an organization, which, in contrast to the division and group management, has to make decisions which are important for the asset and earnings situation and thus for the existence of the entire organization. These include start-up, organizational, division, closing, merger and crisis decisions. There are two alternative models for regulating the general competencies of the members of a management body:

• The collegial organization of the management body, which is geared towards the common decision-making of the owners of these organizational units. In principle, the members of the governing bodies participate equally in corporate management. Instructions are excluded between these board members.

• The directorate organization of the management body, which creates a hierarchy within the top management, in which a member of the management body is given instructions to other members of the board.

In today's practice, collegial organization has prevailed. In industrial companies, the management of materials, production, marketing, human resources, information and finance, and accounting are all downstream. Appropriate group managements are integrated into these areas. The structure of the entire management organization can be seen in the functional organization , division organization , matrix organization and tensor organization , whereby the respective execution level must be separated.

literature

  • Fred G. Becker: Organization of the company management. Control variables of the management organization. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-17-018657-6 .
  • Horst-Joachim Rahn : The operational management organization. Engelsdorfer, Leipzig 2017, ISBN 978-3-96008-885-1 .
  • Gerhard Schewe: corporate constitution. Corporate governance in the area of ​​tension between management, control and representation of interests. Springer, Berlin et al. 2005, ISBN 3-540-24517-0 .
  • Martin K. Welge , Marc Eulerich: Corporate Governance Management. Theory and practice of good corporate governance. Gabler, Wiesbaden 2012, ISBN 978-3-8349-3003-3 .
  • Axel von Werder: management organization. Basics of the top and management organization of companies. 2nd, updated and expanded edition. Gabler, Wiesbaden 2008, ISBN 978-3-8349-0678-6 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Eberhard Seidel, Rüdiger H. Jung , Wolfgang Redel: Management style and management organization. Vol. 2: Management organization, management models (= income from research. Vol. 255). Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1988, ISBN 3-534-09364-X , p. 9.
  2. ^ Eduard Gaugler : Instance formation as a problem of the operational management organization (= Betriebswirtschaftliche Schriften. Issue 19, ISSN  0523-1035 ). Duncker and Humblot, Berlin 1966 (at the same time: Munich, university, habilitation paper).
  3. ^ Friedrich Hoffmann: Management Organization. Volume 2. Mohr, Tübingen 1984, ISBN 3-16-344696-5 , p. 2 ff.
  4. ↑ Werder: management organization. 2008, pp. 1-16.
  5. ↑ Günter Wöhe , Ulrich Döring : Introduction to General Business Administration. 24th, revised and updated edition. Vahlen, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-8006-3795-9 , p. 63.
  6. ^ Horst-Joachim Rahn : corporate management. 9th, updated edition. Kiehl, Herne 2015, ISBN 978-3-470-43019-5 , p. 99 ff.
  7. ↑ Erich Kosiol : Organization of the company (= The economics. Series A: Betriebswirtschaftslehre. Vol. 6). 2nd, revised edition. Gabler, Wiesbaden 1976, ISBN 3-409-88454-8 , p. 118.