Prince of Viana
Prince of Viana (Spanish Príncipe de Viana , French Prince de Viane ) was the title of the heir to the Kingdom of Navarre . He was founded by King Charles III. created for his son Karl (* 1397; † 1402). The move was a reaction to the noticeable trend in Western Europe of giving the heir to the throne a permanent title with the associated income. Examples are: the Prince of Wales , the Dauphin , the Prince of Asturias and Girona (these two meanwhile belong to the Spanish Crown Prince together with the title Viana).
A document dated January 20, 1423 describes the Principality of Viana as follows: Viana , Laguardia , San Vicente, Bernedo, Aguilar, Uxenevilla, Lapoblación, San Pedro, Cabredo, the valley of Campezo and the castles of Marañón, Toro, Ferrera and Buradón.
After the conquest of Navarre by Ferdinand the Catholic at the beginning of the 16th century, the title of Príncipe de Viana was combined with the crown. The current title holder is Leonor of Spain , the Spanish heir to the throne. In addition, the French heir to the throne, the Dauphin, was occasionally referred to as Prince de Viana in reference to the king's title as King of France and Navarre.
The most famous princes of Viana are, by their nature, those who did not become king of Navarre:
- Charles of Navarre (1397–1402) and Ludwig of Navarre (1402–1402), princes of Viana, sons and heirs of Charles III. ( House France-Évreux )
- Charles of Viana (1421–1461), Prince of Viana, son and heir to Blanka of Navarre and John II of Aragón .
- Gaston de Foix (1444–1470), Prince of Viana, son and heir of Eleanor of Navarre and Gaston IV of Foix ( House of Grailly )
aftermath
The international prizes awarded annually by the province of Navarre since 1990 are named after the prince .