Face ID

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Face ID is the name of a face recognition technology that is used in mobile devices from the US company Apple . It has been used since the introduction of the iPhone X and has been evolving ever since. The latest generation of this is installed in the iPhone XS ( iPhone XS Max ), IPhone XR , IPhone 11 ( iPhone 11 Pro ) and the iPad Pro (3rd and 4th generation). Its predecessor was the Touch ID fingerprint sensor , which was used from the IPhone 5s and is still used in devices with a home button.

The face recognition consists of a sensor with two modules. A module called "Dot projector" projects a grid of more than 30,000 infrared points onto a user's face. An infrared camera then reads the pattern to confirm or deny access to the mobile device. A three-dimensional image of the face is generated and stored in a local, secure area of ​​the processor, an A11-Bionic-Chip , an A12-Bionic-Chip or an A13-Bionic-Chip. The system learns from possible changes in a user's face over time and can thus successfully recognize the owner even if he is wearing glasses, sunglasses, a hat, a scarf, make-up, or a beard. This is done through calculations to provide artificial intelligence directly on the smartphone. Face ID can deny access if your eyes are closed or if you look away from the device.

history

Apple presented Face ID as part of the presentation of the iPhone X on September 12, 2017.

Limitations and criticism

Twins and close relatives

The iPhone X can be unlocked by people with identical facial features, i.e. identical twins. In the case of siblings who look very similar, the iPhone may be unlocked without authorization - especially if the system has been trained beforehand, intentionally or unintentionally, to recognize the face of the unauthorized sibling as that of the authorized person.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ iPhone XR - Face ID. Accessed November 15, 2018 (German).
  2. ↑ Apple Inc .: Face ID Security. November 2017, accessed on November 15, 2018 .
  3. ↑ Eike Kühl: Trust us (your data)! How manipulable is Face ID? In: zeit.de . September 27, 2017. Retrieved November 15, 2018 .
  4. ↑ Tobias Költzsch: Face ID works without any problems in everyday life - iPhone X in the test: It takes twins to outsmart Face ID - Golem.de . November 10, 2017 ( golem.de [accessed November 15, 2018]).
  5. ↑ Leo Becker: Advice for police officers: Better not to look at the iPhone. Heise online, October 15, 2018, accessed on November 15, 2018 (German).
  6. ↑ Tobias Költzsch: Face ID is not safe from twins - iPhone X in the test: It takes twins to outsmart Face ID - Golem.de . November 10, 2017 ( golem.de [accessed November 15, 2018]).
  7. ↑ PSA: Don't train Face ID on your sibling's face accidentally. In: TechCrunch. Retrieved September 5, 2019 (American English).