Farrington Daniels

Farrington Daniels (born March 8, 1889 in Minneapolis , Minnesota , † June 23, 1972 ) was an American physical chemist .

Life

During World War II he was the head of the metallurgical division of the Manhattan Project . In 1944, he developed the basic features of the nuclear pebble bed reactor , which it the common name today pebble bed reactor was and was later further developed in Germany. From 1950 he became involved in the Union of Concerned Scientists against the nuclear arms race. At the University of Wisconsin he built a laboratory for solar energy use and is now considered one of its pioneers. A prize from the International Solar Energy Society (ISES) for services to the use of solar energy is named after him. He wrote several high-circulation textbooks on physical chemistry and solar energy and co-founded the first US magazine on solar energy.

In 1950, lithium fluoride was proposed in the USA by Farrington Daniels, CA Boyd, and DF Saunders for solid-state dosimetry. The intensity of the thermoluminescent light is proportional to the amount of radiation previously absorbed. This type of thermoluminescence dosimetry has been used in the treatment of cancer patients since 1953 and is used wherever people are professionally exposed to radiation.

Honors

• 1947 member of the National Academy of Sciences
• 1948 member of the American Philosophical Society
• 1957 member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
• 1957 Priestley Medal

literature

• Robert A. Alberty: Farrington Daniels (1889–1972). A Biographical Memoir. National Academy of Sciences, 1994. (PDF)

Individual evidence

1. ^ F. Daniels, CA Boyd, DF Saunders: Thermoluminescence as a Research Tool. In: Science. 117, 1953, pp. 343-349.
2. ↑ Michèle Neumann: Optimization and expansion of a thermoluminescence setup. Master thesis. University of Münster, 2013. Accessed December 7, 2017.
3. ^ Member History: Farrington Daniels. American Philosophical Society, accessed July 5, 2018 .