Finely ribbed grass snail
| Finely ribbed grass snail | ||||||||||||
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Vallonia enniensis |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Vallonia enniensis | ||||||||||||
| ( Gredler , 1856) |
The finely ribbed grass snail ( Vallonia enniensis ) is a species of land living snail from the family of grass snails (Valloniidae); the family belongs to the subordination of land snails (Stylommatophora).
features
The disc-shaped housing of the finely ribbed grass snail has a height of 1.1 to 1.4 mm and a width of 2.1 to 2.6 mm. The initial turns, however, rise above the turn plane. It has 2¾ to 3¼ turns that increase rapidly and regularly. The shell is comparatively thick and strong. The embryonic casing takes up about 1 1/8 turn. The surface is almost smooth, occasionally with weak shagreen or fine spiral stripes. The Teleoconch is provided with tightly standing, thread-like ribs. There are one or two very fine growth strips between the ribs. The turns are only moderately curved on the periphery and are only separated from each other by flat seams. They strongly embrace each other in the cross-section of the winding. When viewed from the side, the last winding runs in the winding plane, rarely descending or ascending very little. The mouth or the mouth plane is inclined at about 30 ° to the housing axis. The mouth is rounded, the points of attachment of the mouth seam are far apart. They are connected to one another by a transparent callus that is bent flat towards the mouth. The edge of the mouth is bent outwards and outwards rather abruptly at a right angle. The inside of the mouth has a thick, ring-shaped, whitish-transparent lip. The lip protrudes above the level of the mouth, especially above and outside, in a bulging manner. Here it is separated from the outer edge by a channel. The navel is open but comparatively narrow. It only takes up about a quarter (or less) of the maximum case diameter. The yellowish tinted case is milky and slightly transparent. The inner lip only shines through slightly to the outside.
Similar species
The shell resembles the smooth grass snail ( Vallonia pulchella ), but has very fine, denser and more regular ribs (about 45 to 60 ribs on the last turn). It is therefore more densely and finely ribbed than the ribbed grass snail ( Vallonia costata ).
Geographical distribution and habitat
The distribution area of the finely ribbed grass snail extends from southern and eastern Spain, across southern France, Switzerland, northern Italy, Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, southern Poland, Hungary, Romania, south-eastern Europe to Turkey and Egypt. Finds from Lithuania, Belarus and the Ukraine are known in the east. Gerber also records some sites in Russia that he has not checked on his distribution map. New (2013) is a deposit in northeast Morocco. In Germany there is very scattered evidence from almost all federal states. An occurrence in southern Sweden is or was completely isolated. No (live) finds have been made here since the 1960s. The species has also been found from Pleistocene deposits in Germany, France, England and Hungary.
The species occurs in extremely wet locations, such as lime-rich swamps, moist and uncultivated meadows in river valleys, but also on sunny hills near springs. In Switzerland, the species rises up to 1000 m above sea level.
Taxonomy
The taxon was introduced into scientific literature in 1856 by Vinzenz Maria Gredler as Vallonia pulchella var. Enniensis . The taxon was later treated as a subspecies of Vallonia pulchella (Müller, 1774), but is now recognized as a separate species. Synonyms are: Vallonia pulchella var. Hispanica Sterki, 1893, Helix (Vallonia) pulchella enniensis f. major Kormos, 1909, Helix (Vallonia) pulchella csorensis Kormos, 1909 and Helix eupleurolena Bourguignat (nomen nudum).
Danger
The species is threatened with extinction in Germany, as well as in Switzerland. In Austria it is considered endangered. The main threat comes from habitat destruction. Suitable habitats can no longer be populated, even with renaturation, as the occurrences are very isolated and scattered. The IUCN only notes: "Data Deficient Needs Updating".
supporting documents
literature
- Jochen Gerber: Revision of the genus Vallonia Risso 1826 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Valloniidae). Schriften zur Malakozoologie, 8: 1–227, Cismar, 1996 (pp. 60–68)
- Michael P. Kerney, Robert AD Cameron & Jürgen H. Jungbluth: The land snails of Northern and Central Europe. 384 pp., Paul Parey, Hamburg & Berlin 1983, ISBN 3-490-17918-8 (pp. 127, 130)
- Francisco W. Welter-Schultes: European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification = identification book for European land and freshwater mollusks. A1-A3 S., 679 S., Q1-Q78 S., Planet Poster Ed., Göttingen 2012, ISBN 3-933922-75-5 , ISBN 978-3-933922-75-5 (hereinafter abbreviated as Welter-Schultes , Identification book with corresponding page number)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Alexandru V. Grossu: Gastropoda Romaniae 2 Subclasa Pulmonata I Ordo Basommatophora II Ordo Stylommatophora Suprafamiliile: Succinacea, Cochlicopacea, Pupillacea. 443 p., Bucharest 1987 (p. 258; as a subspecies of Vallonia pulchella ).
- ↑ Igor Balashov, Nina Gural-Sverlova: An annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs of Ukraine. Journal of Conchology, 41 (1): 91-109, 2012 PDF
- ↑ Nicole Limondin-Lozouet, Hamid Haddoumi, David Lefèvre, Mohamed Ghamizi, Hassan Aouraghe, Tiphaine Salel: Holocene molluscan succession from NE Morocco: Palaeoenvironmental reconstruction and biogeographical implications. Quaternary International, 302: 61-76, 2013 doi : 10.1016 / j.quaint.2012.11.036
- ↑ a b Vallonia enniensis in the endangered Red List species the IUCN 1996. Posted by: Mollusc Specialist Group, 1996. Accessed July 15, 2014.
- ^ Vinzenz Maria Gredler: Tyrol's land and fresh water conchylia. I. The land conchylia. - Negotiations of the Zoological-Botanical Association in Vienna (treatises) 6: 25-162, Vienna 1856 Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 55/6)
- ↑ Fauna Europaea
- ↑ JH Jungbluth, D. von Knorre (with the assistance of U. von Bössneck, K. Groh, E. Hackenberg, H. Kobialka, G. Körnig, H. Menzel-Harloff, H.-J. Niederhöfer, S. Petrick, K Schniebs, V. Wiese, W. Wimmer, ML Zettler): Red list of internal mollusks [snails (Gastropoda) and mussels (Bivalvia)] in Germany. Announcements of the German Malacoological Society, 81: 1-28, Frankfurt / M. 2009 PDF ( Memento of the original from June 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (1.3 MB)
- ^ Vollrath Wiese: The land snails of Germany. 352 pp., Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2014 ISBN 978-3-494-01551-4 (p. 98)
- ↑ Welter-Schultes, Identification Book, p. 206
