Movie magazine

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Film journals and magazines are an important (mass) medium of film criticism . In contrast to reviews of individual films , for example in daily newspapers , or the simple description or content information in a film program booklet on the one hand and purely academic - film studies books on the other, they allow the discussion of individual films to be combined with fundamental considerations about the medium Film and its comments , production and reception conditions on current developments in the industry .

Development of the film press

Federal Republic of Germany

For many years, the German film press in the Federal Republic was strongly influenced by the commitment of the major Christian churches. The Catholic Film Service for Young People (now film-dienst ) and the Evangelical Film Watcher (now epd Film ) discussed in detail almost all the films coming to the cinemas and made recommendations that were strongly oriented towards youth protection and Christian morals until the 1970s. The Lexicon of International Films , the standard work in German-speaking countries, is based on the summarizing short reviews in the Filmdienst . Since the 1970s, film-dienst and epd Film have not only represented youth protection and cultural-critical interests.

In addition to the denominational film press, there have been repeated attempts to establish a film press that is independent of the churches. B. Film criticism , which usually had to give up sooner or later due to financial problems.

Since the 1990s, a number of independent film magazines have developed that were founded by filmmakers or film journalists. The magazines cover a variety of perspectives and points of view on German and international film. You have broken away from the classic journalistic genres (criticism, feature, etc.) and dedicate yourself to the filmmaking process and the film-theoretical classification of films in interviews, essays and other text forms.

Austria

The first Austrian film magazine was the Kinematographische Rundschau founded by Edmund Porges and appeared from 1907 to 1917 (its successor was the Neue Kino-Rundschau , which appeared from 1917 to 1922 and was also published by Edmund Porges), initially every other week, from 1911 weekly. From 1908 the Austrian Comet was also published , initially every two weeks and from 1911 until it was renamed Das Kino-Journal (1919–1939) after the 468th edition weekly. With the exception of Paimann's film lists , which appeared weekly (with interruptions) from 1916 to 1965, the other magazines founded in the monarchy were of shorter lifespan, between one and five years. At that time, the magazines were mainly aimed at specialist audiences - especially cinema owners, rental and sales companies - and focused on reporting on economic, technical, political and social aspects as well as film announcements, address lists and program previews. In this early phase of film journalism, film descriptions were generally uncritical and positive, on the one hand because many of the papers were in the hands of film associations (association of cinema owners, association of cinema industrialists, etc.) and functioned as their "official body", on the other hand , as the film industry was exposed to strong hostility from civil society and the theater industry until the 1920s. Such hostility and calls for boycotts, some of which threaten the existence of the country, were not wanted to encourage critical reporting on the quality of film production. Yet, out of the First Republic gradually magazines , not least because the film had long since become a mass medium and directed differentiation and strong competition in the film industry pay more attention to quality criteria. Die Filmwoche (1913–1918) was one of the first papers to go in this direction. This weekly film magazine also published texts by well-known journalists such as Egon Friedell and Georg Lukács .

With the annexation of Austria to National Socialist Germany, almost all film magazines had to be discontinued, only selected papers could be continued under the direct control of the new rulers until 1945.

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Florian Pauer: Austrian film journalism in the pioneering and new era of cinematography 1895 - 1918. Dissertation, Basic and Integrative Science Faculty of the University of Vienna, 1982
  2. ^ Martina Feike: Film journalism in the first Austrian republic. A study of the Austrian film magazines of the silent film era from 1918 to 1928. Dissertation, Faculty of Basic and Integrative Science, University of Vienna, 1985