Restricted flight area
A restricted area (officially restricted area , Eng. Restricted area ) is a fixed air space over the territory of a State in which flights of aircraft temporarily or permanently restricted. They are established to prevent threats to public safety or order, especially to aviation safety .
Outside the sovereign territories, the less restrictive danger areas can take on this task. Areas in which flights with aircraft are completely prohibited are called air restricted areas .
Basics
Flight restriction areas have defined vertical and horizontal dimensions. In addition to the spatial expansion, restricted-flight areas have a temporal effect. They can be effective continuously or only on certain days and at fixed times or only after prior notice via NOTAM . The vertical expansion can also be changed in individual cases using NOTAM. Permanent restricted flight areas are published in the aviation manual and are graphically displayed on aeronautical maps (especially ICAO maps ) and marked with the country code and an "R" (for restricted ) followed by a serial number. For example ED-R146 stands for the restricted flight area in the center of Berlin (E = ICAO region Northern Europe, D = Germany, R = restricted).
These areas are set up to protect facilities on the ground or because they pose a threat to aviation. Examples of permanent restricted areas are nuclear power plants , military training areas or government and parliament locations (e.g. Berlin's government district ). Temporary flight restriction areas are set up, among other things, to protect important people (e.g. Pope at the World Youth Day 2005 or G8 summit in Heiligendamm 2007 ) or crowds at major events (e.g. Oktoberfest ).
One form of this limited area is temporarily reserved airspace (Engl. Temporary Reserved Airspace ; TRA), are not allowed or restricted in the test flights of civil aircraft, as this is reserved for exercises of military aircraft.
Situation in Germany
Through flights
Flights through active flight restriction areas in Germany are permitted if:
- the nature of the restriction allows
- Through flights have been generally approved by the Federal Air Traffic Control Authority (BAF),
- the responsible air traffic control unit has given its consent in individual cases ,
- the user of the area has issued a permit (for military flights)
- for rescue flights an agreement has been made between the operations control center and the respective body responsible for the hazardous activities in the area with flight restrictions .
Violations
Unauthorized flying into a restricted flight area can be punished with a fine or imprisonment for up to two years in Germany .
See also
Individual evidence
- ^ Warren Grove Gunnery Range. In: globalsecurity.org. Retrieved September 21, 2011 .
- ↑ Appendix 2 to the Agreement on International Civil Aviation ( available online: PDF, 395 kB ( Memento of the original from September 30, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. )
- ↑ § 17 LuftVO
- ↑ Frank Dörner: Oktoberfest flight restriction area 2011 - attention greater expansion of the area than in the previous year. (No longer available online.) In: aerokurier.de. Motor Presse Stuttgart, archived from the original on September 20, 2011 ; Retrieved September 20, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Deutsche Flugsicherung : Luftfahrthandbuch Deutschland , ENR-1.5: Prohibited, restricted and danger areas , edition of April 7, 2011
- ↑ § 62 LuftVG
