Forming tool
As the mold is referred to machining tools and hand tools that in the main groups of the molding, production method (according to DIN 8580 ), primary shaping and forming , in machine tools or in the craft to be used.
use
Forming tools play a central role in many areas of the manufacturing and processing industry . They are particularly important when it comes to forming:
- in the metal industry , especially in the sheet metal processing industry (e.g. body construction ) and in all casting technology ,
- in plastics processing (e.g. injection molding ) and
- in some areas of the craft (e.g. blacksmith ).
Design
In summary, forming tools work according to the forming principle. In the case of poorly plastically deformable materials, forming is only possible by heating the starting material close to the melting point (e.g. forging ) or above the melting point (e.g. casting technique). In the case of materials that are readily plastically deformable, the deformation can take place without heating.
This results in process-related constraints for the design of the molding tools. For example, liquid materials must necessarily be brought into the desired final shape in one work step before they solidify and become non-deformable, while several increasingly deforming work steps are possible with hot or cold deformable materials.
Form tools are therefore to be differentiated into:
- A combination of male mold (s) ( convex ) and / or female mold (s) ( concave ) (= outer shape (s)), which form a negative shape of the desired final shape (e.g. forging die , block casting ).
- A combination of die (s) with additional cavity (= core shape), which form a negative shape in the desired final shape (e.g. for cast housings ).
- A combination of forming tools that only effect a deformation over selected sides of the raw material with compression, tension, bending and pushing tools (e.g. for rolled sheets ).
- In a broader sense, compression, tension, bending and pushing tools that only reshape sections of the starting material in one or more work steps (e.g. for sheet metal parts of a computer housing ).
Manufacture in mold construction or mold construction
Forming tools are predominantly very complex and expensive special tools which, as individual pieces, are the main product of a specialized tool shop , the so-called mold making . The production of the molding tools in mold making is almost exclusively done with cutting tools .
