Isaac de Rivaz

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Isaac de Rivaz, 1827

François Isaac de Rivaz (born December 19, 1752 in Paris , † July 30, 1828 in Sion (Switzerland)) was a French politician, state chancellor, member of parliament and entrepreneur. In retirement, as a Swiss citizen , he invented the explosion engine .

biography

Isaac de Rivaz was proficient in Latin, mathematics, and especially geometry . The mechanical elements had kept him very busy. He served as an officer in the French army. During his officer training around 1775, de Rivaz also learned how the pistol worked by using a gas to test its ignitability.

Explosion engine

Rivaz's motor vehicle, patent drawing from 1804

Building on the experience gained with the pistol, de Rivaz made his first experiments in building an explosion engine from 1804 .

In 1806, de Rivaz built a combustion engine as a two-stroke - gas engine and used an explosive mixture of coal gas, hydrogen and air. This mixture was ignited electrically by a spark in the cylinder and the combustion propelled the piston upwards. A toothed rack was attached above that, when the piston dropped, engaged a gear and then drove a pair of gears via a cable. Due to the force of the explosion, which threw the piston up, the falling piston was supported by the weight and the air pressure acting above. This engine, like Christiaan Huygens' engine, was an atmospheric engine.

On January 30, 1807, Isaac de Rivaz received patent no. 394 in Paris for an explosive internal combustion engine to drive the various machines.

In 1813, de Rivaz attempted a large handcart powered by its engine. He was able to achieve 25 ignitions in a row, which had to be triggered individually by hand. The car loaded with four people or a load of 700 kg could travel a full 26 meters at a speed of 3 km / h.

This trip is considered to be the first trip as a motor vehicle with an explosion or gas engine in the history of technology .

literature

  • Henri Michelet: L'inventeur Isaac de Rivaz: 1752 - 1828. Editions Saint-Augustin, 1965 ( digitized ).
  • Henri Michelet: Les voitures automobiles d'Isaac de Rivaz. In: Annales valaisannes: bulletin trimestriel de la Société d'histoire du Valais romand. Vol. 15, No. 3, 1969, pp. 407-433.
  • Henri Michelet: La machine typographique d'Isaac de Rivaz. Une étape méconnue de l'histoire de l'imprimerie. In: Revue d'histoire des sciences et de leurs applications. Volume 18, No. 3, 1965, pp. 241-247.
  • Henri Michelet: Catalog des manuscrits relatifs aux recherches et aux travaux de l'inventeur Isaac de Rivaz (1752-1828) , p. 234. in: Yearbook of the Valais Cantonal Library, the State Archives and the Museums of Valeria and Majoria, 1962, p. 227-317. Digitized
  • Chronicle of Technology, year 1807. Weltbild-Verlag, 1997, ISBN 3-86047-134-1 , p. 174.
  • Chronicle of the automobile. Weltbild-Verlag, 1997, ISBN 3-86047-137-6 , p. 8.

See also

Web links

Commons : Isaac de Rivaz  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Facsimile of the first page of patent No. 394. Digitized
  2. ^ Documents on the inventor Isaac de Rivaz in: Henri Michelet: Catalog des manuscrits relatifs aux recherches et aux travaux de l'inventeur Isaac de Rivaz (1752-1828) . Digitized
personal data
SURNAME Rivaz, Isaac de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rivaz, François Isaac de (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French politician, state chancellor, parliamentarian and entrepreneur
DATE OF BIRTH December 19, 1752
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH July 30, 1828
Place of death Sion , Switzerland