Francisco Martínez de la Rosa

Francisco Martínez de la Rosa

Francisco de Paula Martínez de la Rosa Berdejo Gómez y Arroyo (born March 10, 1787 in Granada , † February 7, 1862 in Madrid ) was a Spanish poet, playwright, politician, diplomat and Prime Minister of Spain ( Presidente del Consejo de Ministros ) . When the Royal Statute came into force in 1834 , he became the first head of government to hold this title.

Life

Francisco Martínez de la Rosa came from a wealthy family and took lessons at the school of José Garcipérez de Vargas; There he proved to be so talented that at the age of 12 he was admitted to the university in his hometown, where he completed his studies in civil law with a doctorate in 1804 . From early childhood he also wrote poetry.

When he was only 18, he was appointed university professor of moral philosophy in his hometown of Granada . He was a member of the Cortes of Cádiz who passed the liberal constitution of Cádiz in 1812 . After the return of King Ferdinand VII and the reintroduction of his absolutist rule, Francisco Martínez de la Rosa was sentenced to eight years in prison in exile on La Gomera . In 1820, in the so-called “ Trienio Liberal ”, he was able to return to Madrid and, as a moderate, assumed a leading position within the liberal forces. He was appointed First Secretary of State in February 1822, making him the country's head of government. Because of his political stance as a mediator between liberals and conservatives, he was unpopular on both sides. After a palace uprising in July of that year, he abdicated with effect from August 1822. In 1823 he had to flee again, this time to France, and lived in exile for another seven years. After the death of Ferdinand VII and the enactment of the amnesty , Martínez de la Rosa became Prime Minister of Spain from 1834-35, occasionally held the post of Minister of War and in 1839 became Chairman of the Real Academia Española .

On June 30, 1834, he was elected member of parliament, where he alternately represented constituencies of Granada , Oviedo , Segovia , Cádiz , Cuenca and Madrid until his death and was also President of Parliament at times.

After Baldomero Espartero had become prime minister in 1840 and regent in 1841 , Martínez de la Rosa spent the years 1840 to 1843 again in Paris, in the Narváez government he served as foreign minister from 1844 to 1846. He was also involved in the drafting of the liberal constitution of 1845. 1848/49 he was ambassador to Paris and Rome, 1857-1858 again foreign minister. His critics mockingly called him "Rosita la pastelera" (Rosita the confectioner) because of his very moderate political attitude.

Francisco Martínez de la Rosa died in Madrid in 1862.

plant

Martínez de la Rosa was also moderate in literary matters; he cultivated what he himself called “el justo medio” (the golden mean). He is an author of the transition from late classicism to romanticism (Spanish: "prerromántico") and proceeds eclectically by choosing from everything that suits him. He also tends towards synthesis when it comes to dealing with the three units . Martínez de la Rosa himself was aware of his pioneering role and the fact that he was entering uncharted territory with his mostly historical pieces.

drama

• La viuda de Padilla (first performed in beleaguered Cádiz in 1812)
• Lo que puede un empleo (1812 Cádiz) satirical comedy
• Morayama (1815)
• La niña en casa y la madre en la máscara (written in 1815, first performed in 1821)
• Los celos infundados o el marido en la chimenea (written in 1824, first performed in 1833)
• Edipo (written in 1828, first performed in 1832)
• Aben Humeya (French premiere 1830, Spanish 1836)
• La conjuración de Venecia. Año de 1310 (published in 1830, first performed in 1834): historical drama in 5 acts in prose
• La boda y el duelo 1839

Historical novel

• Hernán Pérez del Pulgar, el de las hazañas. Madrid, 1834.
• Isabel de Solís. (1837)

Poetry

• Poesías. Madrid, 1833

essay

• Espíritu del siglo. (1835, 1836, 1838)
• Bosquejo histórico de la política de España en tiempos de la dinastía austriaca. Madrid 1856
• La moralidad como norma de las acciones humanas. Madrid, 1856

Web links

Commons : Francisco Martínez de la Rosa  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature by and about Francisco Martínez de la Rosa in the catalog of the German National Library
• Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes (some works in Spanish)
• The cabinets during the tenure of Isabella II (1833-1843)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ List of Members of the Spanish Parliament from 1810 to 1977
2. ^ Terms of office as President of Parliament

predecessor	Office	successor
Ramón López Pelegrín	First State Secretary of Spain in 1822	Evaristo Fernández San Miguel y Valledor
Francisco Cea Bermúdez	Prime Minister of Spain 1834–1835	José María Queipo de Llano Ruiz de Saravia