František Mareš
František Mareš (born October 20, 1857 in Opatovice , † February 6, 1942 in Hluboká nad Vltavou ) was a Czech national democrat, later a fascist-oriented politician, physiologist and philosopher.
Life
František Mareš studied philosophy and medicine at the universities in Vienna and Prague . In 1886 he completed his habilitation at the Charles University and worked there from 1890 as a professor of philosophy. From 1895 to 1928 he headed the physiological institute, from 1920 to 1921 he held the position of rector .
After the emergence of Czechoslovakia , he joined the nationalist movement and became an active member of the Czechoslovak National Democracy , for which he entered parliament from 1918 to 1920 and which he then represented as a senator until 1925. The Lex Mareš initiated by him and passed by the National Assembly in 1920 stipulated that the Czech university was the only successor to the original university. From 1920 onwards it was renamed Charles University , while the German university should delete this addition Karls- from its name. In the years that followed, there were clashes with the party leadership because of his nationalist and fascist views. In 1934 he took part in the leadership of the National Front, an amalgamation of ten Czech, fascist-oriented parties. In the same year he was involved in the establishment of the National Unity (Národní sjednocení), a conglomerate of Czech right-wing parties and political groups, and was elected vice chairman there. At the end of the thirties he became involved in the fascist organization Vlajka .
Works
As a medically oriented physiologist, he published his views in the writings Všeobecná fysiologie (General Physiology) and Fysiology I-IV , but also wrote a number of scientific treatises on metabolism, blood circulation and nerve tracts.
As a philosopher he represented the vitalism of Henri Bergson and Hans Driesch since the end of the 19th century . At the same time he was one of the critics of Czech positivism and proponents and defenders of the authenticity of the Königinhof manuscript .
literature
- E. Rozsívalová: Mareš František. In: Austrian Biographical Lexicon 1815–1950 (ÖBL). Volume 6, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna 1975, ISBN 3-7001-0128-7 , p. 79 f. (Direct links on p. 79 , p. 80 ).
Web links
- Literature and other media by and about František Mareš in the catalog of the National Library of the Czech Republic
- František Mareš , biography (Czech)
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Mareš, František |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Frantisek Mares |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Czech national democrat, later a fascist-oriented politician, physiologist and philosopher |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 20, 1857 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Opatovice |
| DATE OF DEATH | February 6, 1942 |
| Place of death | Hluboká nad Vltavou |