Fraticels
With Fraticelli ( it. : Fraticelli = Little Brothers or "brother") referred to Franciscan who in 13/14. Century as "spiritually minded" ( Spirituals ) had separated from the Franciscan main branch and formed their own subgroups (Spirituals). The movement was viewed as a heresy by the Roman Catholic Church and its members were persecuted by the Inquisition .
Basics of criticism of the Pope
The Spirituals and Fratizelles strongly criticized the "carnal minded" clergy church under Pope John XXII. (1316–1334), who, like his predecessors, adhered to nepotism and pursued a disastrous financial policy . In the political struggle against the Pope, Ludwig the Bavarian found support from the Franciscans Michael von Cesena and Wilhelm von Ockham . The Fratizellen also intervened in the inflamed poverty struggle .
Inquisition and excommunication
John XXII. aroused suspicions that the Fratizellen were a heretical sect and that they found refuge with the Beguines and Begarden . With his papal bull Cum inter nonnullos of November 12, 1323 he drastically intervened in the poverty struggle of the Franciscans. In addition, the Fraticelli was accused in central Italy and in Florence the resistance against urban Podesta to heat up. Michael von Cesena and Wilhelm von Ockham finally found refuge in Bavaria , where they clearly distanced themselves from the German Beguines, but continued to call the Avignon papacy "Babel of the end times".
Literary mention
The theme of the Spiritual Movement is detailed in Umberto Eco's novel The Name of the Rose . The historical model for the protagonist William von Baskerville was again Wilhelm von Ockham.
literature
- Carl Andresen and Georg Denzler : Dictionary of Church History. dtv , Munich, May 1982, ISBN 3-423-03245-6
Individual evidence
- ↑ Text passages on orders or order leaders in The Name of the Rose (Francis of Assisi, Franciscans, Dominicans, Spirituals, Celestines, Coelestins, Fratizellen, Cluniacens) [1] ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically created as marked defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
