Friedrich Seidel (biologist)

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Friedrich Seidel (born July 13, 1897 in Lüneburg , † August 15, 1992 in Marburg ) was a German zoologist and developmental biologist . From 1954 to 1967 he was director of the Zoological Institute at the Philipps University in Marburg .

Life

Seidel was the son of a teacher and after military service in World War I studied zoology (and natural sciences) in Tübingen, Hamburg and Göttingen from 1919. In 1923 he received his doctorate with Alfred Kühn in Göttingen and in 1926 he completed his habilitation in zoology, comparative anatomy and developmental physiology in Königsberg. In 1930 he became associate professor and in 1937 full professor and director of the Zoological Institute of the University of Berlin . The focus of his research was the developmental physiology of insects. In the Second World War he was Colonel of the Reserve, but carried out research classified as essential to the war effort (comparative altitude-physiological studies of animals). He was the clerk for ontogeny and zoology in the journal Der Biologe , which was taken over by the SS-Ahnenerbe in 1939 . In 1948 he became head of developmental physiology at the Max Planck Institute for Animal Breeding and Nutrition in Mariensee (Neustadt am Rübenberge) . In 1951 he became a scientific member of the Max Planck Society . In 1954 he became a full professor of zoology in Marburg. In 1967 he retired.

He is known for classic experiments in the in vitro investigation of embryos ( blastomeres ) of rabbits in 1952, which could be transplanted from the cell culture back into the uterus and there grew into normal reproductive rabbits. Since he was also able to isolate and transplant cells from the two- and four-cell stage that grew into normal adults, this was the experimental in vitro proof of the formation of twins in mammals.

In the 1960s he discovered that the basic biogenetic law of Ernst Haeckel does not apply to the early stages of vertebrate embryos (in humans 25 to 30 days after fertilization, in mice after around 8 days, in zebrafish after 1 to 2 days) . but that the embryonic forms of many animal classes converge. He called it the basic body shape stage , later it was called the phylotypic stage .

1961/62 he was President of the German Zoological Society . In 1956 he became a member of the Leopoldina .

Fonts

  • The sexual organs in the embryonic development of Pyrrhocoris apterus L., Journal for Morphology and Ecology of Animals, Volume 1, 1924, pp. 429-506
  • Investigations into the formation principle of the germination system in the egg of the dragonfly Platycnemis pennipes I – V, Wilhelm Roux 'Archive for Development Mechanics of Organisms, Volume 119, 1929, pp. 322–440
  • The potencies of the furrow nuclei in the dragonfly egg and their role in the activation of the educational center, Wilhelm Roux 'Archive for Development Mechanics of Organisms, Volume 126, 1932, pp. 213-276
  • The differentiation center in the dragonfly germ, Wilhelm Roux 'Archive for Development Mechanics of Organisms, Volume 131, 1934, pp. 135–187
  • Developmental Physiology of Animals, 2 volumes, De Gruyter (Göschen Collection) 1953, 2nd edition 1972, 1975
    • 1953: Volume 1: Egg and Furchung, Volume 2: Basic body shape and organ formation, and in the 2nd edition: Volume 1: Egg and Furchung, 1972, Volume 2: Education of the basic body shape, 1975
  • as editor and co-author: Morphogenese der Tiere: Handbook of Ontogenetic Morphology and Physiology in Individual Representations, several volumes, Jena and Stuttgart: Fischer, from 1978 (in it by Seidel Volume 1: Introduction to the Complete Works, Morphogenetic Working Methods and Concept Systems, 1978)
  • The development capabilities of isolated furrow cells from the rabbit egg Oryctolagus cuniculus, Wilhelm Roux 'Archive for Development Mechanics of Organisms, Volume 152, 1960, pp. 43–130
  • Development potential of the early mammalian germ, Working Group for Research of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia 166, Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag 1969
  • with Werner Jacobs: Systematic Zoology: Insects, Stuttgart: Fischer 1975

References and comments

  1. ^ Biographical data according to Rudolf Vierhaus, Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie, KG Saur, De Gruyter 2008
  2. ^ Ernst Klee, Personal Lexicon in the Third Reich, Fischer TB, 2005, article Friedrich Seidel. There, according to statements by Karl Brandt
  3. ↑ Ernst Klee, loc. cit.
  4. ↑ Nelson R. Cabej, Building the Most Complex Structure on Earth: An Epigenetic Narrative of Development and Evolution of Animals, Elsevier, 2013, p. 145
personal data
SURNAME Seidel, Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German zoologist and developmental biologist
DATE OF BIRTH July 13, 1897
PLACE OF BIRTH Luneburg
DATE OF DEATH 15th August 1992
Place of death Marburg