Göttingen Landsmannschafter Convent

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The Göttingen Landsmannschafter Convent was the first merger of Landsmannschaften to form a local convent , which existed from 1840 to 1844 with one interruption. For the first time, the goals of the Landsmannschafts were formulated in writing, which became the model for later local Landsmannschafter Convents as well as when the Landsmannschaftlichen associations were formed.

prehistory

Shortly after the Georg-August-Universität was founded in 1737, the first country teams were formed. The Braunschweig, Bremer, Frankfurter, Hamburger, Hannoveraner, Holsteiner, Ilfeld, Kurland, Livlander, Mecklenburg, Mosellaner, Pomeranian, Rhinelander and Westphalia are known. As a result of the constant fight against the university authorities, they had to disband repeatedly. In 1789 the Westphalia disbanded as the last country team. The Landsmannschaften Hessen and Pommern, founded in 1810 and 1811, had to dissolve in 1812 and swear to the prorector (March 7, 1812) not to found any new Landsmannschaften. To circumvent this ban, they reopened under the name Corps in the same year . Thus, the country teams initially disappeared from Göttingen.

founding

When the University of Göttingen celebrated its centenary in 1837, mainland teams were founded . In the summer of 1840 the first Göttinger Landsmannschafter Convent (Göttinger LC) was founded and a Landsmannschafter Comments was created .

In the course of the summer of 1840 there were tensions between the compatriots and the corps, which led to an official investigation. Investigations were carried out against six corps (Braunschweiger, Bremenser, Hanoveraner, Hildesheimer, Lüneburgers and Westphalia) with 77 members and nine country teams (Braunschweiger, Bremenser - formerly called Stadenser, Hanseaten, Neu-Hildesheimer, Alt-Hildesheimer, Ilfelder - later called Visurgen, Lüneburgers , Osnabrücker and Ostfriesen) with 192 members.

The reason for the tension was that the country teams refused to give satisfaction to the corps boys without a court of honor, while they refused such a procedure. Punishments were issued by the university court with the suggestion that the two student parties should reconcile.

In the course of 1840, a new, generally binding Comment was created, which included an arbitration tribunal and a General Convent (AC), which included the Senior Citizens' Convention and the General Landsmannschafter Convent.

Couleur of the Lunaburgia country team

From August 11, 1840, Landsmannschaften and Corps held a "general pub" every week, attended by four representatives from each association. This facility was also called the "contracting bar", as many participants tried to find fencing opportunities. The reason for this was that since June 1842 a new regulation had been in effect in the Göttingen SC, according to which a candidate for reception in a corps had to have fought at least one measure. So the arbitration tribunal was abolished again. Since November 1841, the corps demanded the repeal of the arbitration tribunal regulated in the AC and refused to provide representatives in 1842, rendering the AC unable to work.

The general pubs still took place, but on December 15, 1843, they also broke down.

Advent of progress

The country teams were far removed from a rationalistic and unhistorical belief in progress, which had no understanding of tradition and therefore fought against liaison. In their constitutions there was no preferential position for individual student groups and every honorable student was regarded as having equal rights, but there were grades within the country teams that took newcomers into account. Even the point of view mentioned in the chapter on the use of weapons differed considerably from the Progress connections, which sought to resolve all conflicts with arbitration tribunals . Nevertheless, every member of a Progressive Alliance was free to choose the type of satisfaction for themselves.

Establishment of the True LC

Coat of arms of the Hildeso-Cellensia Landsmannschaft 1844

Since the summer of 1844 the LC got more and more in the wake of the process . Johannes von Miquel founded a circle with two other progressives and called for attending a general student assembly, which the supporters of the progress among the free students founded a progressive Landsmannschaft Hildeso-Cellensia, which was also joined by former members of the Landsmannschaft Hanseatia. This was included in the LC and represented there the demands that ultimately aimed at the breaking of all connections and the formation of a general student body. On July 2, 1844, new rules of arbitration were adopted, which provided for a "flying arbitration tribunal" in disputes between compatriots and "finches" ( free students ). However, this decision was made without the newly suspended compatriots Frisia and Saxonia, who then resigned from the LC and founded the "True LC", which differed in its comment only in that it only recognized the fraternity students as equal but not the finches . When the efforts of the "True LC" failed to come to an agreement with the corps, Saxonia changed into a corps on July 28, 1844. Frisia became a corps on May 4, 1846.

Couleur of the Hildeso-Cellensia team

The remaining three country teams soon got into a dispute with the progressives, who had meanwhile formed three scientific circles. After the attempt failed to end the disputes between progressists with Hildeso-Cellensia on the one hand and Hanseaten and Borusso-Brunsvigen on the other, the latter left the LC and became corps.

Second LC

In the meantime, however, the Progress had also gained influence among the Corps and so the Corps Frisia was in an exchange of ideas with a group of other corps, which instead of the unconditional compulsory duel represented the relative compulsory duel. On May 11, 1848, Friesen, Hanoverians and Braunschweiger applied to SC Göttingen to stop the Pro Partia suites and the usual drumming at least for the current semester and only fight out private insults. When this was rejected, the Frisians dissolved their corps and renewed the country team on July 1, 1848. This step was followed on November 25, 1848 by students who had left the Corps Bremensia and Hannovera, the Landsmannschaft Teutonia, which until 1850 showed a certain fraternity influence. Both country teams closed an AC, which was canceled again in May 1851 by the Göttinger SC. The Frisians then merged with the Landsmannschaft Normannia, founded in 1851, which soon changed its name to Lunaburgia and founded a new LC together with Teutonia and the Landsmannschaft Hildesia, founded in 1852. While the Göttingen Landsmannschaften were formed from 1839 to 1844 in the fight against the Corps, they stood by their side from 1848 to 1854 against the numerous and in some cases strong Progress connections. This close connection to the Corps, however, led to the fact that many older compatriots resigned, others became inactive and thus lost their voting rights. Finally, the Frisians founded the Corps Friso-Guestphalia while the Hildesians founded the Corps Hildeso-Guestphalia almost at the same time, but courteously (June 11, 1854) , as there was a struggle for some active people from Westphalia.

The second Göttingen LC was thus also dissolved. The causes lie in the insufficiently clear delimitation of the country team's objectives compared to the corps, but also the lack of support from the foreign country teams. It can be seen as a peculiarity of the Göttingen LC that they did not establish any relationships with other country teams outside of Göttingen.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Horst Bernhardi: The Göttinger Landsmannschaften from 1840-1854 , p. 16
  2. ↑ Univ. Archive Göttingen CCLXX, 49; DCLXXV 2.
  3. ↑ Compare the General Comment of 1841 the section "From the General Convent"
  4. ↑ Horst Bernhardi: The Progress in Göttingen , printed in the Convent April 1955
  5. ↑ Horst Bernhardi: The Göttinger Landsmannschaft Hildeso-Cellensia (1844-48) and its successor connections Burschenschaft Germania (1848) and connection Arminia (1848-51), p. 63
  6. ↑ Compare the LC decision on the flying arbitration tribunal of July 2, 1844, Appendix 2 from Horst Bernhardi: Die Göttinger Landsmannschaften from 1840–1854 , Historia Academica Volume 2, Stuttgart 1962, p. 38
  7. ↑ B. v. Kayser: "Contributions to the history of the Göttingen Saxons", Oldenburg 1930
  8. ↑ Erich Bauer: "History of Borussia zu Halle", manuscript, Verden
  9. ↑ Berent Schwineköper : "The student progress and the emergence of the Göttingen progress connection Teutonia in 1848", 1937 in No. 63 of the Corps newspaper of the Corps Teutonia in Göttingen.
  10. ↑ Original of the LC Comments from the possession of the Lunaburgia Landsmannschaft at Corps Friso-Lunaburgia / Cologne
  11. ^ Compare Horst Bernhardi: Die Göttinger Landsmannschaften from 1840–1854 , Historia Academica Volume 2, Stuttgart 1962, p. 25
  12. ^ Compare Franz Stadtmüller: History of the Corps Hildeso-Guestphalia zu Göttingen 1854 to 1954, Göttingen 1954

literature

  • Erich Knittel: Recognition and equality of associations and connections with one another and disreputations in the last 150 years , Historia Academica Volume 2, Stuttgart 1962
  • Horst Bernhardi: The Göttinger Landsmannschaften from 1840-1854 , Historia Academica Volume 2, Stuttgart 1962
  • Horst Bernhardi: The Göttinger Landsmannschaft Hildeso-Cellensia (1844–48) and its successor connections Burschenschaft Germania (1848) and connection Arminia (1848–51) , Historia Academica Volume 13
  • Otto Deneke: Old Göttingen country teams. Göttingen 1937

See also