Galician-Portuguese language
The Galician-Portuguese language ( galego-português or galaico-português in Portuguese or galego-portugués or galaico-portugués in Galician ) was a West Iberian Romance language that was used in the north-west of the Iberian Peninsula in the Middle Ages . It was first spoken in the area between the Cantabrian coast in the north and the Douro River in the south, and then spread further south in the course of repopulation with the emergence of Portugal and the Portuguese Reconquista .
Galician-Portuguese language
The Galician-Portuguese language, which no longer exists today with the exception of a few remnants ( A Fala , a traditional Galician-Portuguese dialect that is still spoken in the Jálama Valley in the Spanish province of Cáceres near the Portuguese border) has also become the current one Galician and Portuguese languages developed. Galician-Portuguese originated in the 8th to 9th centuries AD in the area that today forms the north of Portugal and the Spanish region of Galicia . Galician-Portuguese was initially a Romance vernacular language used only orally , while Latin continued to be used in the written language for a long time . The language developed in the High Middle Ages (13th / 14th centuries) to the most important language of poetry on the Iberian Peninsula and thus played an important cultural role in the literature of the Christian domains in the west of the peninsula, comparable to the Occitan language in France and Italy of the same period (“ troubador language ”).
The oldest known document, which in addition to the Latin text also contains a few words in the Galician-Portuguese vernacular, is the Doação à Igreja de Sozello, a deed of donation that was drawn up around the year 870. Many of the Latin documents that were created in the Portuguese-Galician region at that time already contain Romanic forms. The Notícia de fiadores (a guarantee document from 1175) and the Pacto dos irmãos Pais (an inheritance agreement probably dating from 1173) are the oldest known manuscripts written in the Galician-Portuguese language. The earliest poetic evidence of the language dates from around 1100 and includes various collections of songs (" Cancioneiros ").
The most important still existing sources of Galician-Portuguese poetry are:
- The Cantigas de amigo of the Galician trobador Martim Codax (13th century)
- The four codes of the Cantigas de Santa Maria
- Cancioneiro de Ajuda
- Cancioneiro da Vaticana
- Cancioneiro Colocci-Brancuti, also known as Cancioneiro da Biblioteca Nacional ( Lisbon )
- Cancioneiro dun Grande de Espanha
- Pergaminho Vindel
- Pergaminho Sharrer
- Os 5 lais de Bretanha
- Tenzón entre Afonso Sánchez e Vasco Martíns de Resende
swell
- Ivo Castro: Introdução à História do Português. Geografia da Língua. Português Antigo . ( ISBN 9789727725205 , Lisbon: Colibri 2004), pages 121–125 (Portuguese, with bibliography).
- Common story . Retrieved from the Patrimonio imaterial galego-portugués (cultural project) website on March 19, 2017 (Galician).