Passage grave of Noordlaren

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Passage grave of Noordlaren Hunebed G1
The large stone grave G1 near Noordlaren

The large stone grave G1 near Noordlaren
Passage grave of Noordlaren (Netherlands)
Red pog.svg
Coordinates 53 ° 6 '56.8 "  N , 6 ° 39' 32.8"  E Coordinates: 53 ° 6 '56.8 "  N , 6 ° 39' 32.8"  E
place Groningen , OT Noordlaren , Groningen , Netherlands
Emergence 3470 to 2760 BC Chr.
van Giffen no. G1

The passage grave of Noordlaren is a megalithic tomb of the Neolithic western group of the funnel cup culture (TBK) near Noordlaren , a district of Groningen in the Dutch province of Groningen . It is one of only five known large stone tombs in the province of Groningen and the only one that has been preserved in its original location. In 1957 an archaeological excavation took place under the direction of Albert Egges van Giffen and Jan Albert Bakker . The grave bears the Van Giffen number G1.

location

The grave is located west-south-west of Noordlaren on the trail het Hunebed , just a few hundred meters north of the border with the province of Drenthe . It's up there on a hill in a little wood. There are several other large stone graves in the vicinity: 1.2 km to the southeast are the two large stone graves at Midlaren (D3 and D4). The two destroyed megalithic graves were located 2.3 km to the northwest at Glimmen (G2 and G3).

Research history

Drawing of the portal area from 1768

The grave was first mentioned in 1694 by Michiel van Bolhuis . Petrus Camper made a drawing in 1768. In 1918 Albert Egges van Giffen documented the facility for his atlas of the Dutch megalithic graves. In 1957 the grave was completely excavated under the direction of van Giffen and Jan Albert Bakker. Since 1992 the complex has been a national monument ( Rijksmonument ).

description

The large stone grave G1 near Noordlaren

The complex is an east-southeast-west-northwest oriented passage grave . A stone enclosure could not be found. The burial chamber has a length of 7.6 m. It originally had five pairs of wall stones on the long sides, one end stone each on the narrow sides and five cap stones. Of this, only the western end stone, the two adjacent pairs of wall stones and the two cap stones resting on them are preserved. The larger of the two remaining capstones weighs around 17,000 kg. The chamber floor was paved with stone slabs. In the eastern half of the chamber, van Giffen and Bakker were able to identify six post holes between the stand holes in the wall stones. Presumably it was a post construction related to the construction of the tomb. The entrance to the chamber was located between the third and fourth wall stones on the southern long side, seen from the west. This was originally a corridor made of two wall stones and probably a capstone in front of it. The standing holes of the missing wall stones in the chamber and the corridor are filled with concrete .

Finds

During the excavation in 1957, ceramic shards of the funnel beaker culture were found, which could be reconstructed into 150 vessels. The pottery dates back to grades 2-4 and 6-7 of the typological system of the Western Beaker Group established by Anna Brindley . This corresponds to the period 3470–3190 and 3075–2760 BC. Chr.

See also

literature

  • Jan Albert Bakker : The TRB West Group. Studies in the Chronology and Geography of the Makers of Hunebeds and Tiefstich Pottery. Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1979, ISBN 978-90-70319-05-2 .
  • Jan Albert Bakker: Het hunebed G1 te Noordlaren. In: Groningse Volksalmanak. 1982-1983 (1983), pp. 113-200.
  • Jan Albert Bakker: The Dutch Hunebedden. Megalithic Tombs of the Funnel Beaker Culture. International Monographs in Prehistory, Ann Arbor 1992, ISBN 1-87962-102-9 .
  • Jan Albert Bakker: Megalithic Research in the Netherlands, 1547-1911. From 'Giant's Beds' and 'Pillars of Hercules' to accurate investigations. Sidestone Press, Leiden 2010, ISBN 9789088900341 , p. 203 ( online version ).
  • Evert van Ginkel , Sake Jager, Wijnand van der Sanden: Hunebedden. Monuments van een steentijdcultuur. Uniepers, Abcoude 1999, ISBN 978-9068252026 , p. 164.
  • Albert Egges van Giffen : De Hunebedden in Nederland , 3 volumes. Oosthoek, Utrecht 1925.
  • G. de Leeuw: Onze hunebedden. Gids before Drentse hunebedden en de Trechterbekerkultuur . Flint 'Nhoes, Borger 1984.
  • Wijnand van der Sanden , Hans Dekker: Gids voor de hunebedden in Drenthe en Groningen . WBooks, Zwolle 2012, ISBN 978-9040007040 .
  • Jürgen E. Walkowitz: The megalithic syndrome. European cult sites of the Stone Age (= contributions to the prehistory and early history of Central Europe. Vol. 36). Beier & Beran, Langenweißbach 2003, ISBN 3-930036-70-3 .

Web links

Commons : Ganggrab von Noordlaren  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed: 421079 te Noordlaren
  2. ^ Anna L. Brindley: The typochronology of TRB West Group pottery. In: Palaeohistoria. Volume 28, 1986, pp. 93-132 ( online ).
  3. ^ Annual figures corrected according to Moritz Mennenga : Between Elbe and Ems. The settlements of the funnel beaker culture in northwest Germany (= early monumentality and social differentiation. Volume 13). Habelt, Bonn 2017, ISBN 978-3-7749-4118-2 , p. 93 ( online ).