Garden city western plan
The garden city Westernplan is a listed settlement in Magdeburg in Saxony-Anhalt .
location
It is located in the northern part of Magdeburg's Stadtfeld Ost and includes rows of listed houses in Albert-Vater-Straße, Freiherr-vom-Stein-Straße, Martin-Andersen-Nexö-Straße, Röntgenstraße and Westernplan.
Architecture and history
The settlement was built according to plans by the architect Bernhard Lippsmeier in the period from 1923 to 1936 by the Magdeburg home building cooperative. The cooperative, founded in 1920, planned to acquire 9.8 hectares, but was only able to buy two hectares due to the inflation at the time . The cooperative members for whom the apartments were built came from simple strata of the population. The future rent could not exceed 20% of an annual income. Initially, a garden city made up of single-family houses was planned, but in the end, due to the severe housing shortage, the building was built more densely, with the concept of a garden city remaining the model. The architectural style was based on the conservative home style . Most of the facades are sparingly structured by pilaster strips . The windows are designed as lattice windows and provided with shutters . In some cases, elements such as loggias and round bay windows can be found in the course of the longer period of construction . The buildings are covered by steep hipped roofs .
In addition to apartments, shops were also built for local supplies. In 1926 a bakery was built on the corner of Westernplan and Martin-Anderson-Nexö-Straße. There were also drugstores, grocery stores and hairdressers. The streets were laid through the settlement in a north-south orientation, with a distinction being made between the access roads and the residential streets leading into the blocks.
The western plan can be divided into three construction phases, which also differ architecturally. In the period up to 1926, the area between Ebendorfer Strasse and Martin-Anderson-Nexö-Strasse was built. Structures with vertical pilaster strips and red-covered roofs with evenly arranged gable dormers are characteristic here. Their gables, like the shutters and front doors, are painted in strong green. There were stucco medallions above the house entrances , some of which have been preserved. The area between Martin-Andersen-Nexö-Straße and Rödelstraße was built on from 1927 to 1930. The facades are dominated by risalits , loggias, building jumps and balconies. As the last section, the eastern area was then built by 1936, which, however, was no longer completely completed according to the planning. The building was now consistently three-story. The distinction between the streets for development and the residential streets has been abandoned.
During the Second World War there was considerable destruction by air raids. The reconstruction was partly changed, so that only the core of the settlement built between 1923 and 1928 has been preserved in its original structure. Only partially destroyed buildings were rebuilt by 1958. The reconstruction of heavily damaged houses, especially on the southwest side of the Westernplan street, was refrained from. A characteristic archway on Klopstockstrasse was not restored either. In 1955, the first cooperatively run retirement home in the GDR opened on Friedrich-Naumann-Strasse. During the GDR era , vacant lots were partly closed with GDR type buildings.
At its core there is a generous two-storey construction, while the peripheral areas were created in a relaxed three-storey perimeter block development . The settlement forms a mixture of garden city and metropolitan area. There are large green courtyards. In addition, there were originally tenant gardens.
In 1994 the building began to be renovated.
In the local register of monuments , the settlement is listed as a monument under registration number 094 70985 . The monument classification was partly ready in 1987.
In contrast to the other settlement projects of the 1920s in Magdeburg, the settlement is an example of a project carried out in more traditional forms. The apartments are still in cooperative hands and belong to the Magdeburg housing cooperative from 1893 eG
literature
- Heinz Gerling , Monuments of the City of Magdeburg , Helmuth-Block-Verlag Magdeburg 1991, ISBN 3-910173-04-4 , page 56
- Heinz Gerling: Westernplan Garden City Estate . State capital Magdeburg 1995.
- Ute Kraft in Magdeburg - architecture and urban planning . Verlag Janos Stekovics Halle an der Saale 2001, ISBN 3-929330-33-4 , p. 173 f.
- List of monuments Saxony-Anhalt, Volume 14, State capital Magdeburg . State Office for Monument Preservation and Archeology Saxony-Anhalt, Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2009, ISBN 978-3-86568-531-5 , p. 32 ff.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Short question and answer Olaf Meister (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen), Prof. Dr. Claudia Dalbert (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen), Ministry of Culture March 19, 2015 Printed matter 6/3905 (KA 6/8670) Monument register Saxony-Anhalt , p. 2692 f.
Coordinates: 52 ° 8 ′ 18.9 ″ N , 11 ° 37 ′ 6.2 ″ E