Gebrinius
Gebrinius was a god who was worshiped in the Roman city of Bonn . According to the Interpretatio Romana , he was equated with Mercurius . Both a perfect Celtic and a Germanic interpretation of the name cannot be made because of the uncertain etymology.
Lore
After 1920, archaeological investigations found ten Roman consecration stones under the cathedral in Bonn (Bonna, Roman province Germania superior ) , which are dedicated to Mercurius Gebrinius.
- Nesselhauf No. 186: AE 1931, 26 Deo Merc [u] / rio Gebrinio Aurelius / Perula p (raepositus?) P (ortus?) L (irensis?) / Rip (a) e Rheni leg (ionis) / IM (inerviae ) templum / [?]
- Nesselhauf No. 187: AE 1930, 31 Mercurio / Gebrinio / Adnamatius / Dubitatus / mi [l (es)] leg (ionis) IM (inerviae) / [?]
- Nesselhauf Nr. 188: AE 1931, 27 Deo Mercurio Gebrin (io) / C (aius) Victorius / Liberalis nego / {t} tiator cretarius v (otum) s (olvit) l (ibens) m (erito)
- Nesselhauf No. 189 : Mercurio Gebri / nio Amandini / Similis et Ianua / rius v (otum) s (olverunt) l (ibentes) m (erito)
- Nesselhauf No. 190 : Mercurio Gebri / nio ex imp (erio) ips (ius) C (aius) Ana / illius Atto et Anail / lius Attonius pro / se et suis l (ibentes) m (erito)
- Nesselhauf No. 191 : Mercurio Gebri / nio M (arcus) Cu [3] o / nius Vict [o] r / pro se et su [is] s (olvit) l (ibens) m (erito)
- Nesselhauf No. 192 : Mercurio / Gebrinio / L (ucius) Manius / Sacer / v (otum) s (olvit) l (ibens) m (erito)
- Nesselhauf No. 193 : Me [rcurio] / Gebr [i] n [io] / L (ucius) Paccius / Paris / v (otum) s (olvit) l (ibens) l (aetus) m (erito)
- Nesselhauf No. 194 : Deo Mercurio Gebr / innio (!) Marcus Ulpi / [u] s Gratus votum / [so] lvit libens merit / [o] pro se et suis om / nibus
- Nesselhauf No. 195 : [Merc] urio / [Gebr] inio / [3] niu [s]
Several consecration stones to the Matronae Aufaniae come from the same sanctuary , with which Gebrinius is seen in close connection.
interpretation
Since a ram is depicted on some of the consecration stones, the name is assigned to Gallic gabros "ram". This interpretation is preferred by modern research. “Billy goat” was also mentioned
Siegfried Gutenbrunner , on the other hand, added Old Norse gífr "Unhold" and interpreted the name as * Gebriniaz "Lord of the Unholde" and saw in him Odin as the leader of the wild hunt, with little satisfaction .
See also
literature
- Siegfried Gutenbrunner : Mercurius Gebrinius . In Zeitschrift für Celtische Philologie 20, 1936, pp.? - ?.
- BH Stolte : The religious conditions in Lower Germany. In: Wolfgang Haase (Hrsg.): Rise and decline of the Roman world . Vol. II 18, 1: Religion (paganism. The religious conditions in the provinces). Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1986, ISBN 3-11-010050-9 , p. 667.
- Gerhard Bauchhenß : Mercurius . In: Lexicon Iconographicum Mythologiae Classicae (LIMC). Volume VI, Zurich / Munich 1992, p. 550.
- Bernhard Maier : Lexicon of Celtic Religion and Culture (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 466). Kröner, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-520-46601-5 , p. 139.
- Rudolf Simek : Lexicon of Germanic Mythology (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 368). 3rd, completely revised edition. Kröner, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-520-36803-X , p. 276.
Individual evidence
- ^ Herbert Nesselhauf : New inscriptions from Roman Germania and the adjacent areas . In: Report of the Roman-Germanic Commission 27, 1937.
- ↑ Christoph B. Rüger : A husband for the mother goddesses. Some observations on the Matronae Aufaniae. In: Rome and her northern provinces. Papers presented to Sheppard Frere in honor of his retirement from the Chair of the Archeology of the Roman Empire, University of Oxford, 1983 . Sutton, Gloucester 1983, pp. 210-221.
- ↑ with?: Helmut Birkhan : Celts. Attempt at a complete representation of their culture. Publishing house of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1997, ISBN 3-7001-2609-3 , p. 598.