Yellow-throated Sparrow

Yellow-throated Sparrow
	Yellow-throated Sparrow in Nagpur , India
Systematics
Order :	Passerines (Passeriformes)
Subordination :	Songbirds (passeri)
Superfamily :	Passeroidea
Family :	Sparrows (Passeridae)
Genre :	Gymnoris
Type :	Yellow-throated Sparrow
Scientific name
	Gymnoris xanthocollis
	( Burton , 1838)

with visible yellow breast

The yellow-throated sparrow ( Gymnoris xanthocollis , Syn . : Fringilla xanthocollis ) is a species of bird from the sparrow family.

The species was formerly known as conspecific with the Sahel Rock Sparrow ( Gymnoris pyrgita viewed).

The Latin additional species comes from ancient Greek ξανθός xanthos , German 'yellow' and Latin collis 'throat' .

The bird is found in Asia in Egypt , Afghanistan , India , Qatar , Nepal , Oman , Pakistan , Saudi Arabia , Syria and Turkey .

The distribution area includes open habitats and tree-lined low hills, rivers, dense bushes, also cultivated areas up to 1500 m, often with brachystegia , in the vicinity of localities.

features

The species is 12-14 cm tall, weighs between 14 and 20 g, rather a monotonously pale, gray to earth-brown, small sparrow with a relatively long and slender beak. The male is predominantly olive gray on the top and pale brown on the underside. Characteristic are the chestnut brown shoulder spots, two whitish wing bands and a lemon yellow “thumb print” on the throat. The female has no throat patch and paler shoulder patches. Young birds also have no throat patch. The species is darker brown than the Saharan sparrow and is also distinguished by a long white stripe above the eyes .

Geographic variation

The following subspecies are recognized:

G. x. transfuga E. JO Hartert , 1904 - Southeast Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Kuwait, Ostoman, Iran, Southwest Afghanistan and South Pakistan; winters in northwest India
G. x. xanthocollis ( E. Burton , 1838), nominate form - eastern Afghanistan and northern Pakistan east to southern Nepal and India

voice

The male's call is described as a quick, often repeated series of 3–4 chirping “chilp” or “chirrup”, similar to the house sparrow , but more pleasant.

Way of life

The diet consists mainly of plant seeds , also small berries and nectar . The species occurs in groups, in winter in large flocks.

The breeding season is between April and July in Afghanistan, mainly between February and May in India. The nest is built by the female at a height of 3–15 m, often in old woodpeckers or barbet breeding caves. The clutch consists of 3–4 pale greenish white spotted and brownish striped eggs. Both adult birds share the breeding tasks. In the northern range, the bird is a summer visitor.

Hazardous situation

The stock is not considered to be at risk ( least concern ).

literature

E. Burton: Fringilla xanthocollis. In: Catalog of the Collection of Mammalia and Birds in the Museum of the Army Medical Department, at Fort Pitt , Chatham. 1838, p. 23. Biodiversity Library

Web links

Commons : Yellow-throated Sparrow - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Videos, photos and sound recordings of Gymnoris xanthocollis in the Internet Bird Collection
Oiseaux.net

Individual evidence

↑ Yellow-throated Sparrow , in Avibase - The World Bird Database. Accessed July 31, 2020.
^ JA Jobling: A Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. Oxford University Press. 1991. ISBN 0-19-854634-3 .
↑ D. Murdoch: First records of Yellow-throated Sparrow Petronia (Gymnornis) xanthocollis from Syria. In: Sandgrouse , Vol. 27, No. 1, 2005, p. 74
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e D. Summers-Smith: Yellow-throated Sparrow (Gymnoris xanthocollis), version 1.0. In: J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, DA Christie, and E. de Juana (editors): Birds of the World . 2020, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. Yellow-throated Sparrow Moustached Answers
^ ^A ^b T. Stevenson, J. Fanshawe: Birds of East Africa. Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi. Princeton University Press, 2002, ISBN 978-0-691-12665-4 .
^ ^A ^b S. Ali: The Book of Indian Birds. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford university Press, 13th ed. 2002, ISBN 978-0-19-566523-9
^ R. Grimmett, T. Inskipp: Birds of Northern India. Helm Field Guides, 2017, ISBN 978-0-7136-5167-6
↑ Old World sparrows, snowfinches, weavers . Accessed July 31, 2020.
↑ Redlist. Accessed July 31, 2020.

[avibase-1] Yellow-throated Sparrow , in Avibase - The World Bird Database. Accessed July 31, 2020.

[2] JA Jobling: A Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. Oxford University Press. 1991. ISBN 0-19-854634-3 .

[3] D. Murdoch: First records of Yellow-throated Sparrow Petronia (Gymnornis) xanthocollis from Syria. In: Sandgrouse , Vol. 27, No. 1, 2005, p. 74

[Birds-4] D. Summers-Smith: Yellow-throated Sparrow (Gymnoris xanthocollis), version 1.0. In: J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, DA Christie, and E. de Juana (editors): Birds of the World . 2020, Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. Yellow-throated Sparrow Moustached Answers

[Stevenson-5] A ^b T. Stevenson, J. Fanshawe: Birds of East Africa. Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi. Princeton University Press, 2002, ISBN 978-0-691-12665-4 .

[Ali-6] A ^b S. Ali: The Book of Indian Birds. Bombay Natural History Society, Oxford university Press, 13th ed. 2002, ISBN 978-0-19-566523-9

[BNI-7] R. Grimmett, T. Inskipp: Birds of Northern India. Helm Field Guides, 2017, ISBN 978-0-7136-5167-6

[8] Old World sparrows, snowfinches, weavers . Accessed July 31, 2020.

[9] Redlist. Accessed July 31, 2020.