Earth tongue relatives
| Earth tongue relatives | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Slimy tongue of earth ( Glutinoglossum glutinosum ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the class | ||||||||||||
| Geoglossomycetes | ||||||||||||
| Zheng Wang, CL Schoch & Spatafora | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the order | ||||||||||||
| Geoglossales | ||||||||||||
| Zheng Wang , CL Schoch & Spatafora | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the family | ||||||||||||
| Geoglossaceae | ||||||||||||
| Corda |
According to the current state of research, the family of the earth tongue relatives (Geoglossaceae) is the only family of the order of the earth tongue-like (Geoglossales) within the single class of the Geoglossomycetes.
features
Earth tongue relatives usually form small, black and club-shaped mushrooms that are 2–8 cm in size. The hymenium is black and does not stand out clearly from the stem , especially in the youth stage . Earth tongues resemble core lobes in terms of their habitus , but they do not have a hymenium, but in contrast to the earth tongues are dotted by their perithecia .
Your asci are inoperculate . A light microscope is essential for precise determination. Lately only species with dark spores are counted among the earth tongue relatives.
Ecology and diffusion
Earth tongue relatives live saprobion table on the ground or dead organic material. They have a worldwide distribution, especially in mossy and swampy surroundings.
Systematics
Originally described by Corda , the family changed the systematic position for a long time and included 6 genera with 48 species. Molecular biological investigations showed that species with light-colored or colored spores belong to the Leotiomycetes . The remaining genera with dark spores, on the other hand, are systematically isolated and now form their own order and class. In 2013 a new genus Glutinoglossum was separated from Geoglossum and the genus Sabuloglossum was newly described. In 2015, the genus Maasoglossum was finally recognized as the basal genus of the earth tongue relatives . Therefore, at the moment 9 genera are related to the earth tongues:
- Earth tongues ( geoglossum )
- Glutinoglossum : newly described in 2013
- Hemileucoglossum
- Leucoglossum
- Maasoglossum 1984. and 2015 emended
- Nothomitra
- Sabuloglossum : newly described in 2013
- Gelatinous heads ( Sarcoleotia )
- Hair tongues ( trichoglossum )
The genera stem tongues ( Microglossum ) Spatelinge ( Spathularia ) and Blasssporerdzungen ( Thuemenidium ) are now in various orders of leotiomycetes incorporated.
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Conrad L. Schoch, Zeng Wang, JP Townsend, Joseph W. Spatafora: Geoglossomycetes cl nov, Geoglossales ord... nov. and taxa above class rank in the Ascomycota Tree of Life . In: Persoonia . tape 22 , 2009, p. 129-138 , doi : 10.3767 / 003158509X461486 .
- ^ Family: Geoglossaceae. In: [The Hidden Forest]. Retrieved July 27, 2012 .
- ^ L. Watson, MJ Dallwitz: The Families of Mushrooms and Toadstools Represented in the British Isles. In: DELTA - DEscription Language for TAxonomy . February 19, 2011, accessed July 27, 2012 .
- ^ Paul M. Kirk, Paul F. Cannon, David W. Minter, JA Stalpers: Dictionary of the Fungi . 10th ed.CABI Europe, Wallingford, Oxfordshire (UK) 2008, ISBN 978-0-85199-826-8 , pp. 279 (784 pages).
- ^ Hustad, VP; Miller, AN; Dentinger, BTM; Cannon, PF: Generic circumscriptions in Geoglossomycetes. In: Persoonia . tape 31 , 2013, p. 101-111 , doi : 10.3767 / 003158513X671235 .
- ^ Hustad, VP; Miller, AN: Maasoglossum , a basal genus in Geoglossomycetes. In: Mycoscience . tape 56 , 2015, p. 572-579 , doi : 10.1016 / j.myc.2015.05.003 .
- ^ Anna G. Fedosova, Alexander E. Kovalenko: Studies on the geoglossoid fungi of Russia: the genus Leucoglossum . In: Mycol Progress . tape 14 , 2015, p. 26 , doi : 10.1007 / s11557-015-1050-2 .
