Striped clam
| Striped clam | ||||||||||||
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Striped clam ( Chamelea striatula ) |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Chamelea striatula | ||||||||||||
| ( da Costa , 1777) |
The striped clam ( Chamelea striatula ) is a type of clam from the family of clams (Veneridae) in the order of the Venerida .
features
The moderately inflated case , which has the same flaps, is also almost on the same side, is up to 45 millimeters long, but is usually significantly smaller at 2 to 3 cm. It is somewhat crooked on three sides in outline. The posterior dorsal margin is long, approximately straight to slightly curved and extends to the posterior, approximately angled posterior end. The heart-shaped lunula is clearly marked and has radial longitudinal ridges. The area , on the other hand, is only an indistinctly limited depression. The ligament is sunk and extends for about a third of the length of the posterior dorsal margin. The lock has three cardinal teeth in both the left and right flaps. There are no lateral teeth. Of the two sphincters, the posterior sphincter is slightly thicker. The surface line shows only a small, triangular sine.
The shell is thick and tight. The ornamentation consists of concentric beads, occasionally the backs split or merge with one another. The inside of the case is finely notched. The periostracum is thin and glossy. The color varies from cream or beige to yellow-brown. Three lines, spots or even zigzag lines can emanate from the vortex. The inside is largely white with a coat bay, the edge of which is occasionally purple, yellow or orange.
Similar species
The shells of the striped clam and common clam ( Chamelea gallina ) are very similar and difficult to separate. On average, the common clam with a shell length of around 5 cm is significantly larger than the striped clam with a length of 2 to 3 cm (very rarely up to 4.5 cm in length). The rear end of the striped clam tapers slightly, the rear dorsal margin and the area are relatively longer and only slightly curved. The mantle bay is deeper and tapering to a point. The surface does not shine and the ribs parallel to the edge are somewhat narrower. Both forms, however, are variable in terms of the shape of the case and the ornamentation. With the specified differences, 80 to 95% of the specimens can be safely assigned to one of the two species, depending on the characteristic. The pallial index length of the jacket bay and the housing length allows a reliable differentiation. The likelihood of confusion is very low, as the large distribution areas of the two species only overlap on the south coast of Portugal, the Strait of Gibraltar and the Alborán Sea.
Geographical distribution and habitat
The distribution area extends from the Lofoten (Norway) to Morocco, the western Mediterranean ( Strait of Gibraltar , Gulf of Cádiz and the Alborán Sea ). It is also found in the North Sea, and it is also known from Madeira and the Canary Islands .
The striped clam lives buried in muddy and sandy soils at a depth of 5 to 20 meters. The animals are epibenthonic filter feeders.
development
The animals are of separate sex. The sex products are released again and again throughout the summer between males and females in a coordinated manner into the open water, where fertilization takes place. The larvae grow into Veliger larvae, which live planktotroph (plankton-eating) in the water for several weeks. After further development to Pediveliger , they move on to metamorphosis and soil life.
Taxonomy
The taxon was introduced into scientific literature by Emanuel Mendes da Costa in 1778 as Pectunculus striatulus . The species is now generally recognized as belonging to the genus Chamelea Mörch, 1853.
supporting documents
literature
- Fritz Gosselck, Alexander Darr, Jürgen HJ Jungbluth, Michael Zettler: common names for mollusks of the sea and brackish water in Germany. Mollusca, 27 (1): 3-32, 2009 PDF
- Fritz Nordsieck: The European sea shells (Bivalvia). From the Arctic Ocean to Cape Verde, the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea. 256 pages, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Stuttgart 1969
- Guido Poppe. Yoshihiro Goto: European Seashells Volume 2 (Scaphopoda, Bivalvia, Cephalopoda) . 221 pp., Verlag Christa Hemmen, Wiesbaden 1993 (2000 unc. reprint), ISBN 3925919104 (p. 120)
- Rainer Willmann: Mussels of the North and Baltic Seas. 310 p., Neumann-Neudamm, Melsungen 1989 ISBN 3-7888-0555-2 (p. 139)
On-line
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Marta M. Rufino, Miguel B. Gaspar, Alexandre M. Pereira, Paulo Vasconcelos: Use of shape to distinguish Chamelea gallina and Chamelea striatula (Bivalvia: Veneridae): Linear and geometric morphometric methods. Journal of Morphology, 267 (12): 1433-1440, 2006 doi : 10.1002 / jmor.10489
- ^ Emanuel Mendez da Costa: Historia naturalis testaceorum Britanniæ, or, the British conchology; containing the descriptions and other particulars of natural history of the shells of Great Britain and Ireland: illustrated with figures. In English and French. - Historia naturalis testaceorum Britanniæ, ou, la conchologie Britannique; contenant les descriptions & autres particularités d'histoire naturelle des coquilles de la Grande Bretagne & de l'Irlande: avec figures en taille douce. En anglois & françois. SI-XII, 1-254, London, Millan, White, Emsley & Robson, 1778 Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 192/3)
- ↑ MolluscaBase: Chamelea striatula (da Costa, 1778)
