Commercial doctor

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Commercial doctors are specialists in occupational medicine with the task of advising and monitoring medical occupational safety in all companies in the respective supervisory area. Target groups of trade doctors are in particular companies, company doctors , safety specialists , employee representatives and employees.

development

Reports on the state of health of workers during the course of industrial development in the 19th century showed intolerable conditions. Individual states therefore decided to enact labor protection laws and to hire factory inspectors to supervise the state supervisory bodies. Some large companies hired their first full-time company doctors. It became increasingly clear that improving the health of workers also required medical expertise from the supervisory authorities. This led to the employment of commercial doctors.

Number of commercial doctors in Germany
  • First company doctor Dr. Knaps 1866 aniline factory Ludwigshafen 1874 Dr. Grandhomme Farbwerke Hoechst
  • 1905 first part-time trade doctor in Württemberg
  • 1905 first full-time trade doctors in Alsace and Lorraine
  • 1906 first full-time commercial doctor in Baden is Dr. Friedrich Holtzmann
  • 1909 Franz Koelsch becomes the first commercial doctor in Bavaria
  • 1921 Ludwig Teleky becomes the first Prussian state medical doctor in Düsseldorf
  • 1921 Bavarian State Institute for Occupational Medicine opened
  • In 1937 the third occupational diseases ordinance came into force, in which the participation (including assessment) of the commercial doctor in the occupational disease procedure was introduced
  • In 1939 there were 40 trade doctors in Germany.
  • In 2011 there were 90 trade doctors in Germany (see graphic)

organization

Commercial doctors are always employed, usually state officials . Commercial doctors work closely with the occupational health and safety authorities in the individual countries or are integrated into their structures. The responsible authorities are named differently in the federal states, mostly offices for occupational health and safety or trade supervisory offices . In some federal states, the head trade doctor is referred to as a state trade doctor. For the nationwide coordination of commercial medical activities, there are annual exchanges between the commercial doctors of all federal states.

A large part of the trade doctors are organized in the Association of German State Trade Doctors eV (VDSG). The journal Arbeitsmedizin-Sozialmedizin-Umweltmedizin is u. a. an organ for publication for the association. The Vereinigung Deutscher Staatlicher Gewerbeärzte eV is a co-opted member of the board of the Association of German Trade Inspectors VDGAB and is represented there by its chairman. The association is a corporate member of the German Society for Occupational Medicine and Environmental Medicine eV DGAUM.

tasks

The tasks of commercial doctors have changed over time, are comparable in the individual federal states, but are weighted significantly differently.

A focus of many commercial medical services is currently advising companies on how to deal with psychological stress. The obligation to notify applies throughout Germany if an occupational disease is suspected ( Section 202 SGB ​​VII ).

In the Committee for Occupational Medicine (AfAMed) of the Federal Ministry of Labor , commercial doctors represent the federal states.

Commercial doctors work regularly in the preparation of recommendations for the assessment of occupational diseases with

  • Bamberger Merkblatt - recommendations for the assessment of skin and skin cancer diseases
  • Bochum recommendation - recommendation for the assessment of quartz dust diseases (silicoses)
  • Falkensteiner Recommendation - Recommendation for the assessment of asbestos-related occupational diseases
  • Königsteiner Recommendation - Recommendation for the assessment of noise-related hearing loss (BK-Nr. 2301)
  • Reichenhaller Recommendation - Recommendation for the assessment of the occupational diseases of the numbers 1315 (without alveolitis), 4301 and 4302 of the annex to the occupational diseases ordinance (BKV)

literature

  • G. Triebig, M. Kentner, R. Schiele: Occupational medicine. Manual for theory and practice. 3. Edition. Gentner Verlag, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-87247-741-5 .
  • 100 Years of the Bavarian Medical Service 1909 - 2009. (PDF; 1.2 MB) at: verwaltung.bayern.de
  • Franz Koelsch: Contributions to the history of occupational medicine. (Bavarian State Medical Association, series of publications by the Bavarian State Medical Association, Volume 8). Munich 1967, DNB 457248726 .
  • D. Milles: 75 years of state commercial doctors. In: R. Müller, D. Milles (Hrsg.): Contributions to the history of workers' diseases and occupational medicine in Germany. Wirtschaftsverlag, Bremerhaven 1984, pp. 459–477.
  • D. Nowak: Occupational medicine and clinical environmental medicine. 2nd Edition. Verlag Urban & Fischer, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-437-41169-4 .
  • S. Goch, T. Peters: The state commercial doctor as a representative of medical occupational safety. In: occupational medicine, social medicine, preventive medicine. 21 (1986), pp. 109-111.
  • G. Jansen: On the different situation of the commercial medical services in the federal states. In: occupational medicine, social medicine, preventive medicine. 26: 64-66 (1991).
  • JR Thürauf: Commercial medical service - structured according to needs? In: occupational medicine, social medicine, environmental medicine. 29 (1994), pp. 479-481.
  • A. Meyer-Falcke: Are the commercial doctors falling by the wayside? In: Safe is safe. 1 (1996), pp. 11-16.
  • U. Weinssen, U. Bolm-Audorff, T. Kayser, H. Slupinski: Gewerbearzt quo vadis? For the development of the tasks of the medical occupational safety. In: occupational medicine, social medicine, environmental medicine. 34, 3, 1999, pp. 124-127.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ On factory inspection and trade supervision in the 19th century cf. Collection of sources on the history of German social policy from 1867 to 1914 , Department I: From the time when the Reich was founded to the Imperial Social Message (1867-1881) , Volume 3: Workers' protection , edited by Wolfgang Ayaß , Stuttgart a. a. 1996; Collection of sources on the history of German social policy from 1867 to 1914, Section II: From the Imperial Social Message to the February decrees of Wilhelm II (1881-1890) , Volume 3: Workers' protection , edited by Wolfgang Ayaß, Darmstadt 1998; Collection of sources on the history of German social policy from 1867 to 1914, III. Department: Expansion and differentiation of social policy since the beginning of the New Course (1890-1904) , Volume 3, worker protection , edited by Wolfgang Ayaß, Darmstadt 2005.
  2. ^ A b c d Franz Koelsch: Contributions to the history of occupational medicine. (Bavarian State Medical Association, series of publications by the Bavarian State Medical Association, Volume 8). 1967.
  3. ^ A b Work-related health reporting in Germany: status and perspectives. (Contributions to federal health reporting). Robert Koch Institute, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-89606-122-4 (online at: rki.de )
  4. ↑ Safety and health at work Report of the Federal Government of the SuGA Archive
  5. ^ Association of German trade supervisory officers VDGAB ( Memento of the original from March 18, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.vdgab.de
  6. ^ German Society for Occupational Medicine and Environmental Medicine eV DGAUM
  7. ↑ Government of Upper Bavaria Trade Inspectorate The Trade Medical Service ( Memento of the original from December 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 63 kB)  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gaa-m.bayern.de
  8. ↑ Regional Council Stuttgart, Division 96 - Occupational Medicine, Environmental Health Protection, State Medical Doctor
  9. ↑ Occupational Disease Procedure (LASI) ( Memento of the original from August 25, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / lasi.osha.de
  10. ↑ GABEGS holistic company health management system - Bavarian State Ministry for Labor and Social Affairs, Family and Women ( Memento of the original from February 6, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stmas.bayern.de
  11. ↑ List of members of the Committee for Occupational Medicine (AfAMed)
  12. ↑ Bamberg information sheet: recommendations for the assessment of skin and skin cancer  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 441 kB)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.dguv.de  
  13. ↑ Bochum recommendation - recommendation for the assessment of quartz dust diseases (silicoses) (PDF; 3.9 MB)
  14. ↑ Falkensteiner Recommendation - Recommendation for the assessment of asbestos-related occupational diseases (PDF; 3.5 MB)
  15. ↑ Königsteiner Recommendation - Recommendation for the assessment of noise-related hearing loss (BK-Nr. 2301) (PDF; 2.3 MB)
  16. ↑ Reichenhaller Recommendation - Recommendation for the assessment of the occupational diseases of the numbers 1315 (without alveolitis), 4301 and 4302 of the annex to the Occupational Diseases Ordinance (BKV) (PDF; 3.0 MB)

See also

Company doctor

Web links

Commercial medical services
Others