Giovanni Marcello

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Giovanni Marcello (* 1898 in Mogliano Veneto ; † 1963 in Venice ) was an Italian politician and from September 5, 1938 to January 9, 1941, Podestà of Venice, i.e. not elected (Sindaco), but mayor of the city appointed by the fascists .

Life

Giovanni Marcello came from the San Polo branch of two noble families, namely the Marcello-Grimani. His father was Conte Girolamo. Giovanni married Bianca Roi in 1924 (?), Niece of the poet Antonio Fogazzaro . Vendramina Marcello led the women's association of fascists, the Fascio femminile , as well as the ONMI, the Opera Nazionale per la Maternità e l'Infanzia , which led the upbringing of the family and children in the spirit of fascism.

Giovanni Marcello owed his ascent to the Podestà of Venice, in addition to his family network, to a heated argument within the city's fascist party. His predecessor Mario Alverà had come under pressure from a budget that was no longer balanced, as he had been able to present in 1936. An important tool for influencing was the list of the poor who received assistance. This brought the fascists under their control. In 1934 there were only 32,000 Venetians on the list, while in 1937 there were 43,000 on the list. With it, the fascists could specifically appear as benefactors.

In February 1938, Alessandro Brass was appointed Vice-Podestà, who had been President of the Ente sportivo fascista since 1928 . He emphasized the alleged bourgeoisisation of fascism, with which the attack on the Podestà began. Giuseppe Volpi , who still dominated the city , finally acquired the main daily newspaper, Il Gazzettino , by March 1939 . On August 14, 1938, the first attack appeared, a supposed letter from Venice, against the Podestà in the Fascista regime , the newspaper Roberto Farinacci , the party secretary. Now the vice-podestà asked the prefect to protect the reputation of the podium, which amounted to a barely concealed demand for Alverà's removal. The fascist party, led by Lodovico Foscari since October 1937 , had already decided to replace Alverà with Giovanni Marcello.

Marcello had already appeared as the most important opponent of the Podestà. Joseph Goebbels was still at the opening of the Venice Biennale in August 1938 . In fact, Giovanni Marcello was appointed Podestà on September 5, 1938. A few months after his appointment, on November 17th, the Italian Racial Laws ( leggi razziali ) were passed. In February 1939, language courses in secondary schools were banned, followed by separation from the rest of the population in June, and public celebrations outside private homes and hotels in January 1940. In addition, marriages between Jews and “Aryans” were forbidden.

On June 10, 1940, Italy declared war on France and Great Britain. Marcello remained in office until January 9, 1941, when he resigned, as the Gazzettino claimed on January 30, "per andare a raggiungere il proprio reggimento". He was followed by the shipbuilding engineer Giobatta Dall'Armi in office.

Overall, the source situation with regard to the developments of the local party groups and the inner circle of power is so poor because a number of holdings in the Venice State Archives have been lost, such as the correspondence of the Venetian prefecture.

literature

  • Kate Ferris: Everyday Life in Fascist Venice, 1929-40 , Palgrave Macmillan 2012.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ Renato Camurri: L'ottocento e il novecento 2 - La societa veneziana: La classe politica nazionalfascista , note 410, treccani.it.
  2. ↑ Kate Ferris: Everyday Life in Fascist Venice, 1929-40 , Palgrave Macmillan, 2012, p. 49.
personal data
SURNAME Marcello, Giovanni
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian politician, appointed mayor (Podestà) of Venice (1938–1941)
DATE OF BIRTH 1898
PLACE OF BIRTH Mogliano Veneto
DATE OF DEATH 1963
Place of death Venice