Golden International

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Golden International is a standing concept of anti-Semitism . It refers to the alleged Jewish dominated international finance capital , which the world Jewry the world domination aspire. Its first use is assigned to the publicist Ottomar Beta in his 1875 book Darwin, Deutschland und die Juden or Juda-Jesuitismus . The anti-Semitic ideologue Wilhelm Marr used the term in 1879 to construct a common ground between entrepreneurship, especially in banking and stock exchange, and the labor movement : Jewish internationalism in the form of the "Golden International" knows "just as little a fatherland as the black or red" .

Adolf Stoecker , Prussian-Protestant court preacher and "father of anti-Semitism", as which he called himself, declared the criticism of the "Golden International" to be a necessary element of Christian economic criticism, and the church dictionary of 1891 spoke of the fundamentally "anti-Christian character" of the " Golden International ”, which is supported and organized by Jews.

Marr and the anti-Semitic politician Carl Wilmanns popularized the term. Wilmanns saw in the "Golden International" a "one-sided direction of legislation" that favored speculative capital. He called for the "emancipation of honest gainful employment from the rule of the privileged money power" and the liberation of "rural landed property from the shackles of Roman law ". His appeal was addressed to the economic and social losers "of the rebuilding of Germany into a developed capitalist economy" and offered them an explanation. The “Golden International” was therefore Jewish per se. “Your collection and support points are the stock exchanges and banks. As everyone knows, stock exchanges and banks are ruled by the Jewish people. "

Gottfried Feder , National Socialist from the very beginning, coined the catchphrase “Breaking interest bondage ” and, in the Manifesto of 1919 that was named after it, turned against “Mammonism” as “a constitution of mind, insatiable greed for gain, a purely worldly approach to life that led to a terrifying decline in all moral values Concept has already led and has to lead further ”. This “mammonism” constitutes in association with the “overwhelming international money powers” ​​the “Semitism” and the “so-called. Golden International ”.

The National Socialists revived the motif of the "Golden International" since the 1920s. In 1928, the business editor of the Völkischer Beobachter declared in a study on the question of the economic power of “international Jewry” that the influence of Jews on the entire international economic and financial system in a “Golden International” could not be underlined sharply enough. In connection with one another, “Young slavery” and “Golden International” were two typical National Socialist catchphrases that were used against the Young Plan .

literature

  • Matthew Lange: Golden International. In: Wolfgang Benz (ed.): Handbook of Antisemitism: Anti-Semitism in Past and Present. Volume 3, Berlin / New York 2010, pp. 111–113.
  • Steven M. Lowenstein, Paul Mendes-Flohr , Peter Pulzer, Monika Richarz: German-Jewish history in modern times. Volume 3, 1871-1918, Munich 1997.
  • Cornelia Schmitz-Berning: Vocabulary of National Socialism. Berlin 2007.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Matthew Lange: Golden International. In: Wolfgang Benz (Hrsg.): Handbuch des Antisemitismus. Hostility to Jews in the past and present. Volume 3, Berlin / New York 2010, pp. 111–113, here: p. 112.
  2. ^ Steven M. Lowenstein, Paul Mendes Flohr, Peter Pulzer, Monika Richarz: German-Jewish history in modern times. Vol. 3, 1871-1918, Munich 1997, p. 196.
  3. ^ Matthew Lange: Golden International. In: Wolfgang Benz (Hrsg.): Handbuch des Antisemitismus. Hostility to Jews in the past and present. Volume 3, Berlin / New York 2010, pp. 111–113, here: p. 112.
  4. ^ Matthew Lange, Goldene Internationale, in: Wolfgang Benz (Ed.): Handbuch des Antisemitismus. Hostility to Jews in the past and present. Volume 3, Berlin / New York 2010, pp. 111–113, here: p. 112 f.
  5. ^ Joachim Radkau: Decision-making processes and decision-making deficits in German foreign trade policy 1933–1940. In: Geschichte und Gesellschaft , 2 (1976), pp. 33–65, here: p. 41.