Gottlieb Berendt
Gottlieb Michael Berendt (born January 4, 1836 in Berlin , † January 27, 1920 in Schreiberhau ) was a German geologist. He was one of the first geologists to study Quaternary geology and lowland geology.
Life
His father was a Jewish bookseller who had switched to Protestantism; the Berlin painter Moritz Berendt was his uncle. Berendt studied mining and geology at the University of Berlin and received his doctorate in 1863 on diluvial deposits in the Mark Brandenburg (especially the area around Potsdam). In 1865 he went to Königsberg (Prussia) and began geological mapping and over the course of time created twelve geological maps of East Prussia on a scale of 1: 100,000, including soil science for agriculture. In 1873 he became an associate professor in Königsberg. From 1874 he was at the Prussian Geological State Institute (PGLA) and from 1875 head of its flatland department. In 1875 he presented the first sheet 1: 25,000 for Nauen, with which he established the later applicable method of flatland mapping (colors and signatures of the layers, drillings up to 2 m deep, consideration of soil science, etc.). A total of 19 geological maps 1: 25,000 come from him (mostly in Brandenburg), he was involved in 24 others. He was a regional geologist and taught as a professor at the Berlin Bergakademie. In 1904 he retired.
In 1875 he accompanied Otto Martin Torell to the Rüdersdorfer limestone quarries, where he proposed the theory of inland freezing on the basis of glacier scrapes. Berendt himself examined and published about terminal moraines and glacial valleys (a term he coined) of the last ice age.
He encouraged the first deep drilling in Prussia and proved that the younger brown coal seams in the Mark Brandenburg are from the Miocene . The first geological overview map of the area around Berlin comes from him, first published in 1884 for the International Geological Congress in Berlin.
He had been married to Alwine Necker since 1866, with whom he had two sons and a daughter. One son was the writer and architect Werner von Königsberg. In 1882 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .
Fonts
- De formatione diluviana in Marchia provincia ac potissimum in vicinitate Postempiae. Dissertation, Berlin 1863
- The diluvial deposits of the Mark Brandenburg. 1863
- Geology of the Curonian Lagoon. 1869
- The area around Berlin. 1877
- Glacier theory or drift theory in Northern Germany! In: Journal of the German Geological Society, 31, 1879, pp. 1-20
- Overview map and underground map of Berlin. 1897
literature
- Konrad Keilhack , in: Yearbook of the Prussian Geological Institute , Vol. 40, 1919, T. 2, pp. I-XVIII.
Web links
- Heinrich Quiring: Berendt, Gottlieb Michael. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , p. 69 f. ( Digitized version ).
- PGLA geologist list
- Biodiversity Heritage Library
- Gerhard Ehmke, Peter Kühn, Lothar Lippstreu, EP Löhnert, Walter Schirrmeister: Geoscientists and geohistorical sites in Brandenburg and Berlin. In: Atlas of the geology of Brandenburg. 4th edition, 2010, p. 142
References and comments
- ↑ According to NDB. According to the PGLA website (see web links) he was with the PGLA until 1901
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Berendt, Gottlieb |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Berendt, Gottlieb Michael (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German geologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 4, 1836 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Berlin |
| DATE OF DEATH | January 27, 1920 |
| Place of death | Schreiberhau |