Flintbek burial ground
The Flintbek burial ground is an archaeological site in the municipality of Flintbek in the Rendsburg-Eckernförde district in Schleswig-Holstein . The burial ground with around 88 Neolithic and Bronze Age burials consists of a loosely connected row of burial mounds and barn beds about four kilometers long and 0.5 km wide on the narrow ridge of a glacial moraine , which are located east of Kleinflintbek to southeast of Groß-Flintbek .
The most noticeable monument at the site is “Flintbek LA 3”, a 53 m long and 19 m wide Konens Høj grave mound , dating back to the Neolithic Beaker Culture (TBK). The megalithic complex Flintbek LA3 is located in the northeastern part of the burial ground and was excavated in 1988 and 1989.
Over the period of its use, the facility was occupied by a group of eight burial mounds and four dolmens . The combination of megalithic and unmegalithic complexes to which two Konens Høj-type complexes belong was established within 100 years, between 3500 and 3400 BC. Built in BC.
Of particular interest are the tracks of a wheeled vehicle over a distance of around 20 m to Dolmen IV. The lane represents one of the earliest evidence of the use of wheeled vehicles in Europe. It was created between 3420 and 3385 BC. BC and only happened to be preserved under the hill. In the last construction phase, the hill reached about twice its width, from originally 11 to 19 m.
chronology
- Initial phase, "fireplace 25", 3535–3500 cal BC. Chr.
- Appendix A, 3500-3480 cal v. Chr.
- Appendix B
- Appendix E
- Dolmen I-II
- Dolmen III
- Cart track, 3420-3385 cal v. Chr.
- Dolmen IV primary use
- Dolmen III chamber floor renewed
- Dolmen IV Secondary Use, 3375–3360 cal BC Chr.
Building types
Systems A, B and E are Konens Høj systems , consisting of a wooden structure in a frame construction with two enormous posts on the narrow sides and probably with a wooden roof. The walls and floors of the interiors were built of stone slabs, and the chambers were covered by small, oval mounds. The soil for the mounds was removed from two trenches along the long sides. The additions contained flint axes and cross-edged arrowheads.
The systems C, D, F, G and H were simpler than the Konens Høje group. They consist of a coffin in a slightly concave pit. The grave goods contained flint axes and cross-edged arrowheads and were similar to Appendices A, B and E. Four dolmen chambers were identified near Flintbek. These consisted of drained stone circles, placed around a fireplace made with a pebble stone plaster. Dolmens I, II and III are in the older half of the bed. Dolmen IV was placed opposite Appendix B, in the extension of the megalithic bed.
Wagon lane
The ruts of wagon wheels were discovered under the younger half of the enclosure. They are limited to the northwest half and lead from the center of the hill to Dolmen IV, the youngest structure in the enclosure. The track is about 20 m long and consists of two parallel ruts up to 60 cm wide. Each wheel was 5–6 cm wide, and the wheelbase of the car was reconstructed to 1.1 to 1.2 m, comparable to a wheelbase that was also determined in Stare gmajne in Slovenia. An Iron Age cattle and wagon trail was also found in Glesborg in Djursland .
Findings
The dolmens and passage graves date from the Neolithic . Since the megaliths were largely removed, the construction method could only be reconstructed using the footprints. The contents of the graves are also partly badly disturbed. Nevertheless, sequences in structure and based on different burial phases can be recognized.
The ground plans of the Bronze Age burial mounds have essentially been preserved, which can be read from the remaining stone circles around the edges, in the middle of which the actual burials were located.
See also
literature
- Doris Mischka: farmland for the dead? Monumental grave architecture in Schleswig-Holstein . Arch. Germany 4, 2009, 20-24.
- Doris Mischka: First absolute data on north German long beds In: Archäologische Nachrichten aus Schleswig-Holstein 2011 p. 43 ff.
- Bernd Zich: The Flintbek barrow field after twenty years of excavation . In: Jahrb. For the former office Bordesholm 1 (Bordesholm 1999) 7–58.
- Bernd Zich: Flintbek . In: E. Aner / K. Kersten / K.-H. Willroth (ed.), The finds of the older Bronze Age of the Nordic district in Denmark, Schleswig-Holstein and Lower Saxony 19, Rendsburg-Eckernförde district (south of the Kiel Canal) and the independent cities of Kiel and Neumünster (Neumünster 2005) 31– 84.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Karsten Kjer Michaelsen: Politics bog om Danmarks oldtid . Copenhagen 2002 ISBN 87-567-6458-8 , p. 111
Web links
Coordinates: 54 ° 15 ′ 10.8 ″ N , 10 ° 6 ′ 14.4 ″ E