Laibacher Moor

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Western part of the Ljubljana Moors (view from Sveta Ana near Podpeč )

Laibacher Moor ( Slovenian Ljubljansko barje ) is the name of a kidney-shaped area located southwest of Ljubljana in the middle of Slovenia with an extension of about 160 km² and a width of at least 6 km.

history

Ljubljansko barje z Rožnika , watercolor, Ladislav Benesch 1881/87

The moor was formed 2 million years ago. After the last ice age 10,000 years ago, a lake formed there that dried up about 3,500 years ago. However, much of the area remained swampy. The moor lies within an earthquake line; the last major earthquake occurred in 1895 . It decreases by 0.5 mm annually.

archeology

Stilt houses

At the edge of the moor, excavations 15 m below the surface have found the remains of settlements. The first traces of settlement date back 6600 years. Pile dwellings were mainly built in the south-east , but apparently only for a short time, because after that there is no evidence of any settlement for 1000 years. The reasons for this have not yet been clarified. Subsequent to this period without any colonization, there is evidence of a further heavy colonization lasting 400 years, which then abruptly breaks off again for a period of 500 years. A third and final settlement epoch can be traced shortly before the Bronze Age , but 1500 before the beginning of our era the whole area was just swamp and people moved to the edge.

Bike find

Archaeologically, the moor is best known for the bike discovery from Stare gmajne (in the Ljubljana moor). The fire-hardened wheel fragment with axle found there is one of the oldest (3328–3116 BC) in the circumalpine region and comes from a local group of Baden culture .

natural reserve

The entire moor has been a Natura 2000 area Ljubljansko barje since 2004 ( FFH and SCI / VS , SI3000271 / SI5000014 ) with an extent of 14,000 hectares , and a landscape park with 13,505 hectares since 2008 ( Krajinski park, no. No. ).

In the landscape park there are several nature reserves, including the strict nature reserve Iški Morost , and nine natural monuments.

literature

  • Hermann Parzinger, Janez Dular: Die Pfahlbauten des Laibacher Moors (Lubbljansko barje) , pp. 71–75, in: H. Schlichtherle (Ed.), Pfahlbauten around the Alps , Stuttgart 1997.
  • Helmut Schlichtherle : Car finds from the lakeside settlements in the circumalpine region , pp. 295-314, in: Mamoun Fansa, S. Burmeister (ed.), Rad und Wagen: The origin of an innovation Wagen in the Middle East and in Europe , Mainz 2004.
  • Anton Veluscek: Treasury of pile dwellings. The Laibacher Moor in Slovenia , pp. 107–109, in: Helmut Schlichtherle et al., 4000 years of pile dwellings , Stuttgart 2016.

Web links

Commons : Laibacher Moor  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Compilation of archaeological findings ( Memento of the original from January 13, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.htl-vil.ac.at
  2. ↑ Ljubljansko barje - Koda: SI3000271 and Ljubljansko barje - Koda: SI5000014 , both natura2000.gov.si
  3. ↑ Uredba o Krajinskem parku Ljubljansko barje . Uradni list RS, št. 112/2008 z dne November 28, 2008.

Coordinates: 46 ° 0 ′ 2 ″  N , 14 ° 27 ′ 27 ″  E