Grogarnsberget

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Grogarnshuvud
View from Grogarnberg

Grogarnsberget (or Grogarnsberg ) is a former hilltop castle in Östergarn on the Swedish island of Gotland and, along with the Torsburg, is one of the four largest prehistoric hill castles ( Swedish fornborg ) in Scandinavia .

The castle was on the Grogarnshaupt, the northern tip of the Grogarnberg. The 30 m high cliff jutting out to sea offers protection on three sides. In the south, two stone walls up to 100 meters long were built up, which probably supported palisades . From the castle you can see the other large castles in this region. During archaeological investigations of the outer ramparts, arrowheads from the late Vendel period (550–800 AD) were discovered, which provide a clue for the dating of the castle. Found wooden posts, probably formerly part of the palisade, could be dated to the year 740.

To the west, east and south are the historic ports of Katthammarsvik , Herrvik and Sandviken , which are starting points for trips to the Baltic States . The ports probably go back to the Vendel and Viking Age ports in the deeply cut bay between the Östergarnsberg and the Grogarnsberg.

82 such castles are known on Gotland. Most have less than 800 m² of indoor space. At 450 m × 100 m (45,000 m²), Grogarnsberget is the fourth largest of its kind in Scandinavia and the second largest on Gotland. The largest in Scandinavia is Hallebergs fornborg with about 20 km² in Västergötland , the second largest with about 4.0 square kilometers is Lollands Østerborg on Lolland in Denmark . The third largest in Scandinavia and largest on Gotland is the Torsburg . Grogarnsberget has an outer and an inner wall. In the interior of the castle, unlike on other castle mounds on the island, house foundations from the Iron Age were found . The offshore island of Östergarnsholm is another Fornborg.

The area is also designated as a nature reserve and Natura 2000 area.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Aleksander Loit (ed.): The contacts between the East Baltic and Scandinavia in the early Middle Ages. International conference, 23-25. October 1990, Riga. Center for Baltic Studies, Stockholm 1992, ISBN 91-22-01503-5 , p. 53.
  2. ^ Nordic Archaeological Abstracts , Viborg 1984, ISSN  0105-6492 , p. 125.
  3. ↑ Grogarnsberget. In: European Environment Agency. Retrieved January 15, 2012 .
  4. ↑ Grogarnsberget Natura 2000. (PDF; 307 kB) In: Länsstyrelsen Gotland. Retrieved January 31, 2012 (Swedish).
  5. ↑ Grogarnsberget Nature Reserve. In: Länsstyrelsen Gotland. Retrieved January 31, 2012 (Swedish).

literature

  • Marita Jonsson, Sven-Olof Lindquist: Gotland cultural guide. Almqvist and Wiksell, Uppsala 1993, ISBN 91-88036-09-X .

Web links

Commons : Grogarnsberget  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Coordinates: 57 ° 26 '34.4 "  N , 18 ° 53' 22.4"  E